Palabras clave
Anatomía de la ATM; Fisiología de la ATM; Etiología de la ATM; Modalidades de diagnóstico de la ATM; Tratamiento de la ATM.
Cómo citar
Resumen
Esta revisión profundiza en el ámbito de la función y disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), arrojando una luz sobre su naturaleza multifacética y ofreciendo información sobre estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas. La ATM, un componente vital del complejo craneofacial, desempeña un papel fundamental en actividades cotidianas como masticar, hablar y bostezar. Comprender su anatomía y fisiología es fundamental en el tratamiento y manejo de la disfunción de la ATM. Se ha explorado exhaustivamente la biomecánica de la función de la ATM, desde el disco articular hasta los ligamentos y músculos circundantes. Un aspecto crítico de esta revisión gira en torno a los diversos factores etiológicos que contribuyen a la disfunción de la ATM. Se analizan predisposiciones genéticas, parafunciones, irregularidades oclusales y estrés psicológico. Estas complejidades generaron la necesidad de un sistema de clasificación sólido que dilucidara las manifestaciones clínicas y los criterios de diagnóstico para diversos trastornos de la ATM. Las modalidades de diagnóstico modernas, incluída la evaluación clínica, las técnicas de imagen y la aspiración articular, son examinadas por su papel indispensable en el diagnóstico preciso. La descripción general integral incluyó estrategias de manejo, desde medidas conservadoras hasta intervenciones quirúrgicas. Al reconocer la influencia fundamental de los factores psicosociales, esta revisión subraya la importancia de la atención centrada en el paciente y las intervenciones cognitivo-conductuales. Además, las terapias regenerativas, las técnicas mínimamente invasivas y la medicina personalizada son tendencias emergentes en la investigación de la ATM. Esta revisión proporciona una hoja de ruta contemporánea para comprender, diagnosticar y tratar las afecciones relacionadas con la ATM.
Citas
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