Effect of Bacillus megaterium on strawberry crop
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2024.59611Keywords:
biological control, control methods, biopesticides, BotrytisAbstract
Introduction. In Ecuador, strawberry cultivation holds significant economic and social importance, having witnessed substantial growth in recent years. However, this sector faces challenges from various pests and diseases. Objective. To evaluate the effect of Bacillus megaterium on strawberry crop variables related to plant health and agronomic yield. Materials and methods. Field trial was conducted on the Albion variety of strawberries, four months after the first harvest, in Pichincha province, Ecuador. Using IB6 and AB4 strains of Bacillus megaterium at concentrations of 1x109 y 5 x108 cfu/L. These were compared with a chemical control using captan (3 g/L) and chlorothalonil (2 mL/L) as fungicides, and abamectin (0.75 mL/L) and lambdacyhalothrin (0.3 mL/L) as insecticides in rotation. A split-plot design with evaluations conducted at two intervals between April and June 2023. Variables measured included Botrytis cinerea incidence and severity index, fresh weight, yield, diameters, and Brix degrees of fruits. Results. There was no interaction between the factor showed no statistical difference for variables of health and agronomic interest, the incidence of B. cinereal in the biological treatments was the lowest with 13 % on average, the control of mites was 72.71 % higher with strain IB6 high concentration this same treatment, showed significant increases in the fresh weight of fruits (13.2 %), diameters (14 %), and soluble solids concentration (23 %) higher than the control. Conclusion. The use of Bacillus megaterium reduced the incidence of Botrytis cinereal, effective control against mites and thrips, improved fresh weight, diameters and Brix degrees of fruits.
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