Identificación de bacterias endófitas resistentes a plomo, aisladas de plantas de arroz.

Alexander Pérez-Cordero; Zafiro Barraza-Roman; Dalila Martínez-Pacheco

doi:10.15517/am.v26i2.19281

Autores/as

Alexander Pérez-Cordero Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas.
Zafiro Barraza-Roman Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas.
Dalila Martínez-Pacheco Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v26i2.19281

Palabras clave:

Oryza sativa, microorganismos endófitos, fitoremediación.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar in vitro la resistencia de bacterias endófitas a diferentes concentraciones de plomo. El muestreo se realizó en el primer semestre de 2013, durante el cual se colectaron muestras de tejidos de variedades comerciales de arroz en etapa de macollamiento cultivadas en el municipio de Montería, Córdoba, Colombia. Cada tejido fue sometido a proceso de desinfección superficial. Se aislaron bacterias endófitas en medio de cultivo agar R2A; a partir de cada tejido se determinó la densidad poblacional (UFC/g de tejido) por el método de conteo sobre la superficie de medio R2A; la separación de morfotipos se realizó mediante la forma, color, tamaño y apariencia. Un total de 168 morfotipos fueron aislados de raíz, macolla y hoja de diferentes variedades comerciales de arroz. La prueba de resistencia a plomo se realizó in vitro, para esto se prepararon suspensiones de bacterias en fase log, se inocularon en medio mínimo con cinco concentraciones de plomo en forma de Pb(NO3)2. El ensayo se llevó a incubación con agitación por 150 rpm, a 32 °C por cinco días. Cada hora después de iniciado el ensayo se realizó lectura de la turbidimetría a 600 nm. Las bacterias mostraron la capacidad de crecer a concentraciones de 100% de Pb en forma Pb(NO3)2. La identificación con el kit API20E confirmó la presencia de Burkholderia cepacia y Pseudomonas putida, las cuales mostraron resistencia a diferentes concentraciones de plomo.

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