Efecto del genotipo y alimentación final sobre cortes cárnicos comerciales y calidad de canal en novillos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ma.v29i1.28140Palabras clave:
ganado de carne, canal animal, carne de res, calidad de la carne.Resumen
Los sistemas actuales de producción de carne bovina deben ser competitivos y estar orientados hacia la calidad cárnica como concepto de comercialización. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el componente genético y la suplementación en la fase final de novillos en pastoreo, sobre el crecimiento, composición de la canal y rendimiento cárnico. El periodo de evaluación fue de 126 días durante el año 2013, en la finca “La Vega” ubicada en el Cantón de San Carlos, Alajuela, Costa Rica. Se evaluó: en ganancia diaria de peso, espesor de grasa dorsal, marmoleo, profundidad de músculo, peso en pie, merma de transporte de finca a planta, peso canal caliente, rendimiento pie a canal, conformación muscular, grasa perirenal, diámetro de la pierna, longitud de la canal, área del ojo del lomo, grosor de grasa dorsal, pH y temperatura de la canal (2 y 24 h), merma de peso de canal caliente a canal fría. El componente genotípico de los bovinos incidió sobre las características de canal, así como el tipo de suplementación ofrecida. Los animales cruzados Brahman*Charolais (F1), presentaron mejor desempeño que los Brahman y/o Charolais, en características como profundidad de músculo y rendimiento en cortes cárnicos como lomito, posta de cuarto y punta de solomo. La suplementación ofrecida y el componente genotípico no influyeron en el rendimiento de carne vendible.
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