Distributive Justice, Culture and Self-Concept: A Comparison between Spain and Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/ap.v39i138.57198Keywords:
Economic inequality, Individualism-collectivism, Independent and interdependent self-conceptAbstract
Objective. To analyze distributive justice in terms of cultural individualism-collectivism, as well as independent and interdependent self-perception. Method. The sample consisted of Spaniards and Costa Ricans (N = 859; M = 33.28; SD = 13.12 years; 37.9% were male and 62.1% female). Analysis of variance with post-hoc comparisons was performed to determine how the combination of cultural context and self-perception influences distributive justice operationalized with the ultimatum game. Results. Participants who live in a collectivist cultural context are more accepting of unequal proposals, while those with an independent self-perception reject the most unjust ones, and those who are interdependent and collectivist (vs. independent and individualistic) have less distributive justice.
Downloads
References
Aguiar, F. (2019). Justicia distributiva. Eunomía Revista en Cultura de la Legalidad, (17), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2019.5025
Banco Mundial. (2021). Gini index (World Bank estimates). World Bank Group. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI
Binder, C. C. (2019). Redistribution and the individualism–collectivism dimension of culture. Social Indicators Research, 142, 1175-1192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1964-6
Chaverri, P., & Fernández, I. (2022). Desigualdad y estratificación socioeconómica en relación con el individualismo y el colectivismo cultural: una discusión teórica de su construcción desde la Psicología Social. Revista Virtual Universidad Católica del Norte, (67), 324-364. https://doi.org/10.35575/rvucn.n67a13
Chaverri, P., & Fernández, I. (2024). Análisis de la desigualdad económica desde una perspectiva psicosocial: la influencia del individualismo-colectivismo cultural. Revista Rupturas, 14(2), 145-171. https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/rupturas/article/view/5416
Cheek, N. N., & Cheek, J. M. (2020). Independent/interdependent self. In B. J. Carducci & C. S. Nave (Eds.), The Wiley encyclopedia of personality and individual differences: Models and theories (pp.257-261) John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Engelmann, J. M., & Tomasello, M. (2019). Children’s sense of fairness as equal respect. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(6), 454-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.03.001
Ensminger, J., & Henrich, J. P. (2014). Experimenting with social norms: Fairness and punishment in cross-cultural perspective. Russell Sage Foundation.
Fernández, I., Carrera, P., Páez, D., & Sánchez, F. (2008). Interdependent self-construal, competitive attitudes, culture and emotional reactions on sadness. Psychologia. An International Journal of Psychological Sciences, 51(3), 214-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.2117/psysoc.2008.214
Gorodnichenko, Y., & Roland, G. (2012). Understanding the individualism-collectivism cleavage and its effects: Lessons from cultural psychology. In M. Aoki, T. Kuran & G. Roland (Eds.), Institutions and Comparative Economic Development (pp. 213-236). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137034014_12
Güth, W., Schmittberger, R., & Schwarze, B. (1982). An experimental analysis of ultimatum bargaining. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 3(4), 367-388. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167268182900117
Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hurley, E. A., Salvador, C. E., & English, K. A. (2021). Self-construal and communalism in Costa Rica: Subjective attitudes vs. implicit behavioral tendencies. Current Psychology, 40, 1711-1719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0096-0
Iacobucci, D., Posavac, S. S., Kardes, F. R., Schneider, M. J., & Popovich, D. L. (2015). The median split: Robust, refined, and revived. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(1), 690-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2015.06.014
Inglehart, R., & Oyserman, D. (2004). Individualism, autonomy, self-expression: The human development syndrome. In H. Vinken, J. Soeters & P. Ester (Eds.), Comparing Cultures, Dimensions of Culture in a Comparative Perspective (pp. 73-96). Brill. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/89924/inglehart__oyserman__2004.pdf;sequence=1
Inglehart, R. F. (2018). Cultural evolution: People’s motivations are changing and reshaping the world. Cambridge University Press. https://doi. org/10.1017/9781108613880
Jetten, J., Peters, K., Álvarez, B., Casara, B. G. S., Dare, M., Kirkland, K., Sánchez-Rodríguez, Á., Selvanathan, H.
P., Sprong, S., Tanjitpiyanond, P., Wang, Z., & Mols, F. (2021). Consequences of economic inequality for the social and political vitality of society: A social identity analysis. Political Psychology, 42(51), 241-266. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12800
Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01008.x
Jost, J. T., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2004). A decade of system justification theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25(6), 881-919. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00402.x
Krys, K., Vignoles, V. L., de Almeida, I., & Uchida, Y. (2022). Outside the “Cultural Binary”: Understanding why latin american collectivist societies foster independent selves. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17(4), 1166-1187. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916211029632
Laczniak, G. R., & Murphy, P. E. (2008). Distributive justice: Pressing questions, emerging directions, and the promise of rawlsian analysis. Journal of Macromarketing, 28(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146707312214
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
Mussweiler, T., Rueter, K., & Epstude, K. (2006). The why, who and how of social comparison: A social-cognition perspective. In S. Guimond (Ed.), Social comparison processes and social psychology (pp. 33-54). Cambridge University Press.
Nikolaev, B., Boudreaux, C., & Salahodjaev, R. (2017). Are individualistic societies less equal? Evidence from the parasite stress theory of values. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 138, 30-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.04.001
Oyserman, D. (2006). High power, low power, and equality: Culture beyond individualism and collectivism. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16(4), 352-356. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp1604_6
Páez, D., Fernández, I., Ubillos, S., & Zubieta, E. (2003). Psicología Social, Cultura y Educación. Pearson/ Prentice-Hall. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=5082
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. (2021). Human development report. https:// hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2021-22
Rawls, J. (1999). A theory of Justice. Harvard University Press.
Sbardella, A., Pugliese, E., Pietronero, L. (2017). Economic development and wage inequality: A complex system analysis. PLoS ONE, 12(9), e0182774. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182774
Schäfer, M., Haun, D. B., & Tomasello, M. (2015). Fair is not fair everywhere. Psychological science, 26(8), 12521260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615586188
Schwartz, S. H. (2011). Studying values: Personal adventure, future directions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(2), 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022110396925
Sirgy, M. J. (2012). Effects of social comparisons on subjective QOL. In The Psychology of Quality of Life: Hedonic Well-Being, Life Satisfaction, and Eudaimonia (2nd ed., pp. 223-233). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4405-9_15
Soler-Martínez, F. M., García-Sánchez, E., & Willis, G. B. (2023). Concerns about inequality in health, education and income jointly predict collective actions. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 55, 99-108. https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.12
Vignoles V. L, Owe E, Becker M, Smith P.B, Easterbrook M.J, et al. (2016). Beyond the “east-west” dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 145(8), 966-1000. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000175
Wang, Z., Jetten, J., & Steffens, N. K. (2022). Restless in an unequal world: economic inequality fuels the desire for wealth and status. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 014616722210837.49(6), 871-890. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221083747
Yang, S., & Vignoles, V. L. (2020). Self-construal priming reconsidered: Comparing effects of two commonly used primes in the UK and China. Open Science Journal, 5(3), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i3.2418
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeWorks 4.0 Unported license
How to Cite
