Keywords
Costa Rica
Juan Rafael Mora Porras
Estados Unidos
esclavismo.
William Walker
Costa Rica
Juan Rafael Mora Porras
United States of America
slavery.
Abstract
In Costa Rica, Thomas Francis Meagher has been studied as a traveler who visitedthis country three times. The first trip was in 1858. Meagher published three articles
recounting the experiences of that first travel. While he is a historical figure known
in the Costa Rican academy, there has been little interest in his close relations with
the filibuster William Walker and his connection with the administration of José
María Montealegre. This article discusses the first of these dimensions.
References
A British Lie (1856, 28 de noviembre). New York Daily Tribune, p. 4.
Annie (1859, 27 de diciembre). Thomas Francis Meagher. Sacramento Daily Union, p. 1.
Another Mule. The Chiriqui Improvement Company (1860, 17 de enero). The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/1860/01/28/news/another-mule-job-the-chiriqui-improvement-company-panama-tuesday-jan-17-1860.html?pagewanted=all.
Arias Sánchez, R. F. (2010). Juan Rafael Mora y las tres fases de la Campaña Nacional. Comunicación, 19, pp. 60-68. http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/166/16617134004.pdf.
Arrival of the Great Filibuster. His Reception and Speech in the Park (1857, 17 de junio). The New York Daily Tribune, p. 5.
Athearn, R. G. (1949). Thomas Francis Meagher: An Irish Revolutionary in America. Estados Unidos: University of Colorado Press.
At Niblo’s Saloon (1858, 8 de noviembre). New York Daily Tribune, p. 2.
A Scene not in the Bills (1856, 2 de agosto). The Morning Comet, p. 2.
Admission of Mr. Meagher to Practice in the Supreme Court (1855, 14 de setiembre). The Daily Comet, p. 2.
A New Paper (1853, 17 de diciembre). The Anti-Slavery Bugle, p. 2.
Aid for Gen. Walker (1856, 24 de diciembre). Nashville Union & American, p. 2.
A Strong Advocate for Slavery (1854, 1 de febrero). The Cadiz Democratic Sentinel, p. 2.
Battle of Rivas. Six Hundred Costa Ricans Killed. American Loss Thirty. Total Rout of the Enemy (1856, 3 de mayo). New Orleans Daily Crescent, p. 1.
Boman, P. (2007). Boulevard de la flibuste: Nicaragua 1850-1860. Francia: Ginkgo.
Bolaños Geyer, A. (1992). William Walker: el predestinado (biografía). Estados Unidos: impresión privada.
Bradford Reporter (1859, 27 de octubre), p. 2.
Buchanan, J. (1858, 7 de enero). To the Senate of the United States (discurso sobre el arresto de William Walker por parte del comodoro Paulding). Journal of the Senate of the United States of America (Being the First Session of the Thirty-Fifth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 7, 1857), pp. 88-91. Washington, Estados Unidos: William A. Harris.
Buque de guerra (1856, 31 de enero). Gaceta de Guatemala, p. 2.
Case Presented on the Part of the Government of Her Britannic Majesty to the Tribunal of Arbitration, Constituted under Article 1 of the Treaty Concluded at Washington on the 8th May, 1871, between her Britannic Majesty and the United States of America (and The Counter Case of the United States presented to the Tribunal of Arbitration, at Geneva, under the Provisions of the Treaty of Washington, April 15, 1872) (1873). Executive Documents Printed by Order of the House of Representatives: 1872-1873, pp. 205-856. Washington: Estados Unidos: Government Printing Office.
Cavanagh, M. (1892). Memoirs of Gen. Thomas Francis Meagher, Comprising the Leading Events of His Career. Estados Unidos: The Messenger Press.
Central America. A Disclaimer from Thomas Francis Meagher (1860, 26 de marzo). The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/1860/03/26/news/central-america-disclaimer-thomas-francis-meagher-new-constitution-costa-rica.html.
Central America. The Costa Rica Subsidy to the Panama Railroad Company to be withdrawn. New Atlantic and Pacific Railroad in Contemplation (1860, 13 de julio). The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/1860/07/13/news/central-america-costa-rica-subsidy-panama-railroad-company-be-withdrawn-new.html.
Chiriqui Improvement Company (1855). Chiriquí Improvement Company: Charter, Grants, By-laws and Organization. Filadelfia, Estados Unidos: Jackson, Printer.
Chiriqui Improvement Company (1856). Chiriquí Improvement Company: Geological Report of Professor Manross, with Accompanying Papers, Maps, &c. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: George F. Nesbitt &Co., Printers and Stationers.
Commodore Paulding Denounced for Arresting Walker. His Action Repudiated by Administration (1857, 29 de diciembre). The New York Times.
Condition of the Wounded (1856, 30 de abril). The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F04E0DB133DE034BC4850DFB266838D649FDE.
Congratulation to Nicaragua. Mass Meeting in the Park. Speeches against British Interference, and in Favor of Gen. Walker. Letters from Gen. Cass, Ex-Gov. Wm. Smith, and Thos. Francis Meagher. Resolutions and Calls for Material Aid. (1856, 24 de mayo). The New York Times.
Correspondencia de ultramar. Costa Rica (1861, 8 de octubre). La América, pp. 15-16.
Costa Rica. Armamentos para esa República (1855, 24 de febrero). Boletín Oficial, p. 287.
De Viel-Castel, H. (1888). Mémoires du Comte Horace de Viel Castel sur le regne de Napoléon III (1851-1864) (tomo IV: 1857-1858). Francia: B. F. Haller.
Diplomatic Mysteries (1856, 17 de mayo). The Spectator, p, 11.
Dolan, J. P. (2010). The Irish American: a History. Estados Unidos: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Domestic (1858, 20 de julio). The Daily Exchange, p. 2.
Doubleday, C. W. (1886). Reminiscences of the ‘Filibuster’ War in Nicaragua. Estados Unidos e Inglaterra: G. P. Putnam´s Sons.
Duval, M. P. (1940). Cadiz to Cathay: The Story of the Long Struggle for a Waterway across the American Isthmus. Estados Unidos: Stanford University Press.
Dvoichenko-Markov, E. (1954). Americans in the Crimean War. Russian Review, 13 (2), pp. 137-145.
Eckel, P. E. (1944). The Crimean War and Japan. The Far Eastern Quarterly, 3 (2), pp. 109-118.
England Furnishing Arms to Costa Rica (1856, 4 de junio). Sacramento Daily Union, p. 1.
Excitement about General Walker (1857, 16 de enero). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
Executive Document No. 10 (Report of the Secretary of the Navy, Communicating in Compliance with a Resolution of the Senate, the Correspondence between the President of Nicaragua and Commodore Paulding in Relation to the Capture of Walker and dis Command in December, 1857). Executive Documents, Printed by Order of The Senate of United States, Second Session of the Thirty-Fifth Congress, 1858-1859 and Special Session of the Senate of 1859 (1859). Washington, Estados Unidos: William A. Harris.
Executive Document No. 41 (Chiriqui Commission). Executive Documents, Printed by Order of The House of Representatives, during the Second Session of the Thirty-Sixth Congress, 1860-1861 (1861). Washington, Estados Unidos: Government Printing Office.
Executive Document No. 63 (Message of the President of the United States, Communicating, in Compliance with the Resolution of the Senate, the Correspondence in Relation to the Arrest of William Walker by Naval Forces under the Command of Commodore Paulding) (1858). The Executive Documents, Printed by Order of The Senate of United States, First Session, Thirty-Fifth Congress, and Special Session of the Senate of 1858. Vol. 13. Washington, Estados Unidos: William A. Harris.
Fernández Guardia, R. (Trad.) (1923). Vacaciones en Costa Rica. Costa Rica: Tipografía Hermanos Trejos.
Fernández Guardia, R. (2002). Costa Rica en el siglo XX: antología de viajeros. Costa Rica: EUNED.
Filibuster Meeting (1856, 12 de mayo). The Daily Dispatch (Richmond), p. 2.
Filibuster Meeting in New York (1856a, 14 de mayo). The Daily Dispatch (Richmond), p. 1.
Filibuster Meeting in New York (1856b, 15 de mayo). The Southern Enterprise, p. 2.
Filibustering (1857, 11 de abril). The Anti-Slavery Bugle, pp. 1-2.
For California (1859, 6 de octubre). The New York Daily Tribune, p. 8.
Forney, G. R. (2004). Thomas Francis Meagher: Irish Rebel, American Yankee, Montana Pioneer. N. d.: Xlibris Corporation.
From Central America (1860, 26 de Julio). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
From New York (1857, 19 de junio). The Burlington Free Press, p. 1.
From Nicaragua (1855, 20 de diciembre), Sacramento Daily Union, p. 3.
From the Pacific Coast. Arrival of the Northern Light. &988,788 in Specie. News from Gen. Walker. Earthquake in Salvador. Treaty with Costa Rica Accomplish. Interesting from the South Pacific (1860, 3 de Agosto). The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1860/08/03/news/pacific-coast-arrival-northern-light-988678-specie-gen-walker-earthquake.html.
From Washington (1858, 7 de enero). Randolph County Journal, p. 1.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 25 de enero), p. 2.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 8 de febrero), p. 4.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 25 de abril), p. 3.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 6 de junio), p. 2.
Gaceta Oficia de Costa Rica (1860, 13 de junio), p. 1.
Gaceta Oficia de Costa Rica (1860, 7 de julio), p. 1.
Gaceta Oficia de Costa Rica (1860, 11 de julio), p. 1.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 20 de octubre), p. 3.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 1 de diciembre), pp. 2-4.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 14 de diciembre), pp. 3-4.
Gaceta Oficial de Costa Rica (1860, 22 de diciembre), pp. 3-4.
Gen. Cass and Walker, (1856, 13 de mayo). The Daily Dispatch (Richmond), p. 1.
General Intelligence (1855, 3 de octubre). The South-Western, p. 2.
General Walker Released (1858, 8 de enero). The Athens Post, p. 2.
General William Walker, of Nicaragua. Arrangements for His Reception in New York Tomorrow Night (1857, 15 de junio). The New York Herald, p. 1.
Gen. Walker’s Letter (1858, 20 de enero). The Daily Dispatch (Richmond), p. 2.
Gen. Walker’s Letter to the President (1858, 15 de enero). Clarksville Chronicle, p. 2.
Gen. Walker Surrenders Himself to Marshal Rynders. The Parole Renewed (1857, 29 de diciembre). The New York Times.
General Walker. Arrival of General Walker in New York (1858, 29 de enero). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
Gómez Ranera, A. (1864). Manual de historia universal. España: Imprenta de don Alejandro Gómez Fuentenebro.
Goñi, F. (1856, 31 de mayo). Despacho número 26. Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de España, Fondo Correspondencias, Nicaragua, 1854-1857.
Hernon, J. M. (1968). Celts, Catholics and Copperheads: Ireland Views the American Civil War. Estados Unidos: Ohio State University Press.
Hilje, L. (2007). De cuando la patria ardió. Costa Rica: EUNED.
Important from Costa Rica. Revolution in Costa Rica. Return of President Mora. Punta Arenas in his Hands. History of Conspiracy by which he was Exiled (1860, 8 de octubre). The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/1860/10/08/news/important-costa-rica-revolution-costa-rica-return-president-mora-punta-arenas.html.
Interesting from Washington (1858, 15 de enero). Clarksville Chronicle, p. 2.
Jamison, J. C. (1909). With Walker in Nicaragua or Reminiscences of an Officer of the American Phalanx. Estados Unidos: E. W. Stephens Publishing Co.
John Mitchel Slavery, & C. (1854, 20 de febrero). The Perrysburg Journal, p. 398.
John Mitchel’s Views on American Slave (1854, 17 de enero). The Daily Dispatch, p. 2.
Keneally, T. (2010). The Great Shame and the Triumph of the Irish in the English-Speaking World. Estados Unidos: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
Later from the Pacific. Arrival of the Ariel. News from Central America and South America. Commencement of Hostilities in New Granada. Attempt to Assassinate the President of Peru. Non-Settlement of the American Claims. Large Silver Discoveries in Chile. The New York Times (1860, 24 de Agosto). http://www.nytimes.com/1860/08/24/news/later-pacific-arrival-ariel-central-south-america-commencement-hostilities-new.html.
Law Intelligence. The Arrested Filibusters. More State Documents Offered in Evidence. Testimony of a Carpenter in Gen. Walker’s Army. Nothing Extracted. The Farce Gets Bravely on (1857, 13 de marzo). The New York Times.
Ley No. 8 (Autoriza al Poder Ejecutivo para que celebre con el Sr. Thomas Francis Meagher una contrata de ferrocarril entre Bocas del Toro y Golfo Dulce) (1860, 18 de julio). Colección de leyes, decretos y órdenes expedidos por los Supremos Poderes Legislativo y Ejecutivo de Costa Rica en los años de 1859 y 1860, tomo XVI (1871). San José, Costa Rica: Imprenta de la Paz, p. 198.
Ley No. 25 (Niega la aprobación al contrato celebrado por el Poder Ejecutivo con el Sr. Thomas F. Meagher) (1861, 31 de julio). Colección de leyes, decretos y órdenes expedidos por los Supremos Poderes Legislativo y Ejecutivo de Costa Rica en los años de 1861 y 1862, tomo XVII (1872). San José, Costa Rica: Imprenta de la Paz, pp. 51-52.
Letter from Gen. Walker to the President (1858, 14 de enero). The Yorkville Enquirer, p. 2.
Los Angeles Star (1856, 24 de agosto), p. 3.
Lucas, D. B. (1896). Nicaragua: War of the Filibusters. Estados Unidos: B. F. Johnson Publishing Co.
Ludlow, J. M. F. (1862). A Sketch of the History of the United States from Independence to Secession. Inglaterra: Macmillan & Co.
Lyons, W. F. (1870). Brigadier-General Thomas Francis Meagher: His Political and Military Career. Estados Unidos: D. & J. Sadlier & Co.
Maizlish, S. E. (1986). Race and Politics in the Northern Democracy: 1854-1860. En New Perspectives on Race and Slavery in America: Essays in Honor of Kenneth M. Stampp. Editores: Robert H. Abzug y Stephen E. Maizlish, pp. 79-90. Estados Unidos: The University Press of Kentucky.
Material Aid for Walker (1856, 14 de mayo). Weekly North Carolina Standard, p. 3.
Meagher, T. F. (1859). Holidays in Costa Rica. I.- Punta Arenas to San José. Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 20 (115), 18-38.
Meagher, T. F. (1860a). Holidays in Costa Rica. II.- San José Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 20 (116), 145-164.
Meagher, T. F. (1860b). Holidays in Costa Rica. III.- San José to Cartago. Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 20 (116), 304-325.
Montúfar, L. (1887). Walker en Centroamérica. Guatemala: Tipografía La Unión.
Mora, J. R. y Martínez, T. (1858, 1 de mayo). Decree of the President of Nicaragua and Costa Rica. British and Foreign State Papers 1857-1858, Vol. XLVIII (1866), pp. 695-696. Inglaterra: William Ridgway.
Mr. Meagher on Slavery (1854, 22 de abril). The Perrysburg Journal, p. 52.
Murphy, John Edward (2014). Review: The Great Shame: And the Triumph of the Irish in the English-Speaking World. http://thewildgeese.irish/profiles/blogs/the-great-shame-and-the-triumph-of-the-irish-inn-the-english.
Nashville Patriot (1859, 18 de octubre), p. 2.
Nashville Union and American (1857, 29 de enero), p. 2.
News of the Day (1860, 9 de enero). Alexandria Gazette and Virginia Advertiser, p. 2.
New York Daily Tribune (1856, 20 de diciembre), p. 4.
New York Daily Tribune (1856, 22 de diciembre), p. 5.
News from Havana (1858, 29 de junio). The Daily Exchange, p. 2.
Nicaragua (1856, 5 de marzo). Sacramento Daily Union, p. 2.
Nicaragua (1858, 14 de enero). Nebraska Advertiser, p. 2.
Nicaragua Filibusters, Etc. (1857, 30 de marzo). Sacramento Daily Union, p. 1.
Nicaragua Matters (1857, 16 de enero). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
Nicaragua. Re-Enforcements for Walker (1856, 30 de enero). New York Daily Tribune, p. 6.
Obregón Quesada, C. (1994). El río San Juan en la lucha de las potencias (1821-1860). Costa Rica: EUNED.
Parker, W. H. (1883). Recollections of a Naval Officer, 1841-1865. Estados Unidos: Charles Scribners’s Sons.
Personal (1855, 6 de setiembre). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1856, 10 de abril). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1858a, 11 de enero). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1858b, 1 de febrero). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1858c, 31 de marzo). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1858d, 1 de julio). Evening Star, p. 2.
Personal (1860, 27 de marzo). Evening Star, p. 2.
Picado Michalski, T. (1922). Antecedentes de la guerra nacional: apuntes para nuestra historia diplomática. Costa Rica: Imprenta Alsina.
Refugees (1854, 28 de enero). The Anti-Slavery Bugle, p. 2.
Roche, J. J. (1891). The Story of the Filibusters. Inglaterra y Estados Unidos: T. Fisher Unwin y Macmillan & Co.
Rzeppa, J. J. (2007). Thomas Francis Meagher and John Mitchel: Two Irishmen, Two Irish-Americans, One American. Estados Unidos: Texas Christian University.
Scraps & Facts (1858, 14 de enero). The Yorkville Enquirer, p. 2.
Scroggs, W. O. (1916). Filibusters and Financiers: The Story of William Walker and his Associates. Estados Unidos: The Macmillan Company.
Second Battle of Rivas (1856, 12 de abril). El Nicaragüense, p. 2.
Shameful Inconsistency (1854, 21 de enero). The Anti-Slavery Bugle, p. 3.
Schoonover, T. D. (2000). The French in Central America: Culture and Commerce, 1820-1930. Estados Unidos: Scholarly Resources Inc.
Sim, D. (2011). Filibusters, Fenians, and a Contested Neutrality: The Irish Question and U.S. Diplomacy, 1848-1871. American Nineteenth Century History, 12 (3), pp. 265-287.
Slidell, J. (1858, 8 de abril). The Arrest of William Walker. Speech of Hon. John Slidell, of Louisiana on the Neutrality Laws. Delivered in the United States Senate, April 8, 1858. Washington D. C.?: s.n. http://discoverarchive.vanderbilt.edu/handle/1803/6809.
Southern Sentinel (1854, 13 de mayo), p. 3.
Sympathy for Smith O’Brien (1855, 25 de enero). Los Angeles Star, p. 2.
The Affairs of Nicaragua. General Walker’s Letter (1858, 13 de enero). The Louisiana Courier, p. 2.
The Arrested Filibusters (1857, 2 de febrero). New York Times, p. 3.
The Capture of Walker’s Forces (1858, 1 de enero). The Wilmington Journal, p. 2.
The Chiriqui Improvement Company and Ambrose W. Thompson: Abstract of Titles (s.f.). N.d.: N.d.
The Chiriqui Transit Grant (1860, 24 de setiembre). The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1860/09/24/news/the-chiriqui-transit-grant.html.
The Daily Dispatch (1855, 7 de setiembre), p. 2.
The Daily Dispatch (1858a, 30 de enero), p. 2.
The Daily Dispatch (1858b, 4 de diciembre), p. 4.
The Defeat of Gen. Walker–Henningsen’s Reception in New York (1857, 1 de Julio). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
The Editorship of the Union-Kansas. Central American Affairs. Remonstrance of Great Britain against the Irisarri Treaty, etc. (1857, 29 de diciembre). The New York Times.
The Irish News (1856, 19 de marzo). New York Daily Tribune, p. 1.
The Meeting in New York on Saturday Night (1857, 16 de enero), Daily Alta California, p. 1.
The Nicaraguan Case (1857, 18 de marzo). Daily Alta California, p. 3.
The Nicaragua Filibuster Case in New York (1857, 13 de abril). Daily Alta California, p. 1.
The Wounded (1856, 19 de abril). El Nicaragüense, p. 1.
The Yorkville Enquirer (1858, 18 de noviembre), p. 2.
Thompson, A. W. (1860, 18 de octubre). Chiriquí Grants. Letter to the President of the United States. N.d.: N.d.
Walker Aid Meeting (1856, 10 de mayo). Daily American Organ, p. 3.
Walker’s Government (1856, 13 de mayo). The Western Democrat, p. 2.
Washington Theatre (1858, 3 de diciembre). Evening Star, p. 2.
Welcome to General Walker. Arrangements for his Reception in New York. Speeches of Messrs. Fabens, Purdy, Plumb, Creighton and Others (1857, 12 de junio). The New York Times.
Wells, W. V. (1856). Walker’s Expedition to Nicaragua. Estados Unidos: Stringer & Townsend.
White Men Must Rule America! (1864, 20 de febrero). The New York Day-Book, p. 1.
Walker’s Own Account (1858, 5 de enero). The Western Democrat, p. 2.
Wylie, P. R. (2007). The Irish General: Thomas Francis Meagher. Estados Unidos: The University of Oklahoma Press.