Palabras clave
Ecologically Unequal Exchange
Globalization
Material Flow Accounting
Latin America
trade
natural resources
Metabolismo Social
Intercambio Ecológico Desigual
Globalización
Contabilidad del Flujos de Materiales
América Latina
comercio
recursos naturales
Resumen
América Latina ha desempeñado, y sigue desempeñando, un papel clave en el suministro global de recursos naturales. La mayoría de sus economías son exportadoras netas de productos primarios con poco valor añadido mientras que importan bienes manufacturados a precios más elevados. Existe un consenso generalizado entre investigadores de diferentes disciplinas en que este patrón de especialización comercial tiene implicaciones muy negativas para el desarrollo económico, el medio ambiente y, en general, para el bienestar de los habitantes de la región. Sin embargo, no contamos con ningún trabajo empírico sobre la contribución total de América Latina al resto de regiones del mundo. Siguiendo la metodología de la Contabilidad del Flujo de Materiales estimamos el comercio físico y el comercio monetario en 16 economías latinoamericanas entre 1900 y 2016.
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