Validação de uma escala para medir a competência digital em comunicação em idosos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/pwwkkg71Palavras-chave:
competência digital, idosos, comunicação, análise psicométricaResumo
A crescente participação dos idosos em ambientes digitais ressalta a necessidade de instrumentos válidos para avaliar sua competência digital. Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar uma escala para medir a competência em comunicação digital autoavaliada entre idosos, com base no Quadro Europeu de Competências Digitais para Cidadãos (DigComp). Foi empregado um desenho quantitativo transversal, utilizando amostragem intencional não probabilística. A validade de conteúdo foi avaliada por meio do julgamento de especialistas (V de Aiken > 0,80), seguido por um estudo piloto com 17 participantes. Posteriormente, a versão inicial do instrumento com 15 itens foi aplicada a 381 idosos com 60 anos ou mais residentes em Cajeme, Sonora, México, em março de 2025. Com base nas análises psicométricas realizadas, obteve-se uma versão final validada composta por 10 itens, após a remoção de cinco itens que apresentavam cargas cruzadas e ambiguidade conceitual, o que dificultava a diferenciação clara entre as dimensões. A escala do tipo Likert foi examinada por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória, produzindo índices de ajuste satisfatórios (CFI = 0,97; TLI = 0,96; RMSEA = 0,06), juntamente com alta consistência interna (α = 0,92; ω = 0,93). Os resultados indicam que o instrumento apresenta propriedades psicométricas adequadas, corroborando sua relevância como ferramenta de avaliação e para a concepção de intervenções educacionais voltadas à promoção da inclusão digital entre idosos. Recomenda-se a realização de novas pesquisas para replicar o estudo em outros contextos, a fim de reforçar sua validade externa.
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