Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN Impreso: 0034-7744 ISSN electrónico: 2215-2075

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/oai
Pheno-morphology of two paramo species of Miconia (Melastomataceae): optimization of flowering and fructification to enhance dispersal

Versions

PDF (Español (España))
HTML (Español (España))

Keywords

floración
fructificación
morfología
fenología
biología reproductiva
flowering
fructification
morphology
phenology
reproductive biology

How to Cite

Carvajal-Muñoz, A. P., Morales-Puentes, M. E., Gil-Leguizamón, P. A., & Reyes-Duarte, A. C. (2022). Pheno-morphology of two paramo species of Miconia (Melastomataceae): optimization of flowering and fructification to enhance dispersal. Revista De Biología Tropical, 70(1), 804–816. https://doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop.v70i1.51043 (Original work published November 17, 2022)

Abstract

Introduction: Paramos are among the ecosystems that are most affected by anthropic activities, increasing the need for phenological studies as a basis for management and conservation. Objective: To describe the pheno-morphology of Miconia ligustrina and Miconia elaeoides. Methods: From September 2019 to February 2020, and from April 2021 to August of the same year, the phenology of 12 individuals of each species was monitored. Additionally, phenological data of herbariums were linked to corroborate obtained results. In the two data sets, distribution of data was described using circular statistics; in addition, we recorded the precipitation and temperature in the area. Additionally, we described the morphometry of each species. Results: The flowering peak of M. ligustrina is in April, and fruiting concentrates between June and July; in M. elaeoides, flowering is massive in January, and the highest fruit production in May. The phenology was correlated with rainfall: flowering takes place in the dry season and fruiting in the rainy season. The species differ morphologically, but, as in other Miconia species, the flowers and fruits are small (approx. 5 mm). Conclusions: Flowering occurs in the dry season and fructification in the rainy season, when the photosynthetic rate is low and frugivory increases. This phenological pattern favors optimal seed dispersal.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v70i1.51043
PDF (Español (España))
HTML (Español (España))

References

de Albuquerque, L. B., Aquino, F. D. G., Costa, L. C., Miranda, Z., & Sousa, S. R. (2013). Espécies de Melastomataceae Juss. com potencial para restauração ecológica de mata ripária no Cerrado. Polibotánica, 35(2013), 1–19.

Allenspach, N., & Dias, M. M. (2012). Frugivory by birds on Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae), in a fragment of Cerrado in São Carlos, southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 72(2), 407–413. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842012000200024

Allenspach, N., Telles, M., & Dias, M. M. (2012). Phenology and frugivory by birds on Miconia ligustroides (Melastomataceae) in a fragment of Cerrado, southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 72(4), 859–864. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842012000500012

Almeda, F., Alvear, M., Mendoza-Cifuentes, H., Penneys, D. S., & Michelangeli, F. (2016). Melastomataceae. En R. Bernal, S. R. Gardstein, & M. Celis (Eds.), Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (pp. 1585–1664). Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co/es/resultados/familia/Melastomataceae/

de Almeida, F., & de Carvalho, D. (2009). Maturação e morfometria dos frutos de Miconia albicans (Swartz) Triana (Melastomataceae) em um remanescente de floresta estacional semidecídua montana em Lavras, MG1. Árvore, 33(6), 1015–1023. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-67622009000600004

Andreis, C., Longhi, S. J., Brun, E. J., Wojciechowski, J. C., Machado, A. A., Vaccaro, S., & Cassal, C. Z. (2005). Phenology study in three successional stages of a seasonal deciduous forest in Santa Tereza, RS, Brazil. Árvore, 29(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-67622005000100007

Barbosa, L., de Lima, A. V., & de Cardoso, C. (2013). Frugivoria por aves em Miconia prasina DC (Melastomataceae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no nordeste do Brasil. Actualidades Ornitológicas, 174(2013), 4–7.

Batalha, M. A., & Mantovani, W. (2000). Reproductive phenological patterns of cerrado plant species at the Pé-de-Gigante Reserve (Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP, Brazil): a comparison between the herbaceous and woody floras. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 60(1), 129–145. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71082000000100016

Beltran, W., & Kattan, G. (2001). First record of the Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush in the central Andes of Colombia, with notes on its ecology and geographical variation. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 113(2), 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2001)113[0134:FROTSB]2.0.CO;2

Brito, V. L., Maia, F. R., Silveira, F. A., Fracasso, C. M., Lemos‐Filho, J. P., Fernandes, G. W., Goldenberg, R., Morellato, L. P. C., Sazima, M., & Staggemeier, V. G. (2017). Reproductive phenology of Melastomataceae species with contrasting reproductive systems: contemporary and historical drivers. Plant Biology, 19(5), 806–817. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12591

Christenhusz, M. J., & Byng, J. W. (2016). The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa, 261(3), 201–217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1

Dellinger, A. S., Kopper, C., Kagerl, K., & Schönenberger, J. (2022). Pollination in Melastomataceae: a family-wide update on the little we know and the much that remains to be discovered. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae (pp. 585–607). Springer.

Diskin, E., Proctor, H., Jebb, M., Sparks, T., & Donnelly, A. (2012). The phenology of Rubus fruticosus in Ireland: herbarium specimens provide evidence for the response of phenophases to temperature, with implications for climate warming. International Journal of Biometeorology, 56(6), 1103–1111.

Fick, S. E., & Hijmans, R. J. (2017). Worldclim 2: New 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12), 4302–4315.

Gavrutenko, M., Reginato, M., Kriebel, R., Nicolas, A. N., & Michelangeli, F. A. (2020). Evolution of floral morphology and symmetry in the Miconieae (Melastomataceae): multiple generalization trends within a specialized family. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 181(7), 732–747.

Gentry, A. H. (1974). Flowering phenology and diversity in tropical Bignoniaceae. Biotropica, 6(1), 64–68. https://doi.org/10.2307/2989698

Goldenberg, R., & Shepherd, G. J. (1998). Studies on the reproductive biology of Melastomataceae in “Cerrado” vegetation. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 211(1), 13–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984909

Goldenberg, R., Almeda, F., Caddah, M. K., Martins, A. B., Meirelles, J., Michelangeli, F. A., & Weiss, M. (2013). Nomenclator botanicus for the neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa, 106(1), 1–171. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.106.1.1

Goldenberg, R., Penneys, D. S., Almeda, F., Judd, W. S., & Michelangeli, F. A. (2008). Phylogeny of Miconia (Melastomataceae): patterns of stamen diversification in a megadiverse neotropical genus. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 169(7), 963–979.

Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., & Ryan, P. D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis (Version 3.17).

Hilty, S. L. (1980). Flowering and fruiting periodicity in a premontane rain forest in Pacific Colombia. Biotropica, 12(4), 292–306.

Jordano, P. (2000). Fruits and frugivory. In M. Fenner (Ed.), Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities (pp. 125–166). CABI Publishing.

Kessler, M. M., & Kattan, G. H. (2012). Fruits of Melastomataceae: phenology in Andean forest and role as a food resource for birds. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 28(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467411000642

Kriebel, R., & Zumbado, M. A. (2014). New reports of generalist insect visitation to flowers of species of Miconia (Miconieae: Melastomataceae) and their evolutionary implications. Brittonia, 66(4), 396–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-014-9337-1

Maia, F. R., Varassin, I. G., & Goldenberg, R. (2016). Apomixis does not affect visitation to flowers of Melastomataceae, but pollen sterility does. Plant Biology, 18(1), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12364

Manrique, N. T., Varassin, I. G., Passos, L. S., & Morales, M. E. (2022). First report on generalized pollination systems in Melastomataceae for the Andean paramos. Plant Species Biology, 37(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/1442-1984.12364

Maruyama, P. K., Borges, M. R., Silva, P. A., Burns, K. C., & Melo, C. (2013). Avian frugivory in Miconia (Melastomataceae): contrasting fruiting times promote habitat complementarity between savanna and palm swamp. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 29(2), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467413000138

Maruyama, P. K., Melo, C., Pascoal, C., Vicente, E., Cardoso, J. C. F., Brito, V. L. G., & Oliveira, P. E. (2019). What is on the menu for frugivorous birds in the Cerrado? Fruiting phenology and nutritional traits highlight the importance of habitat complementarity. Acta Botanica Brasilica, 33(3), 572–583. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062019abb0221

Melo, L. R., Vasconcelos, T. N., Caetano, A. P. S., & de Brito, V. L. (2022). Stamen diversity in melastomataceae: morphology, color, and function. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, evolution, and ecology of melastomataceae (pp. 609–628). Springer.

Mendonça, P. K. M., Silva, E. A., & Melo, C. (2007). Oferta qualitativa e quantitativa de frutos em espécies ornitocóricas do gênero Miconia (Melastomataceae). Revista Brasileira de Biociências, 5(Supplement 1), S672–S674.

Messeder, J. V. S., Guerra, T. J., Pizo, M. A., Blendinger, P. G., & Silveira, F. A. (2022). Seed dispersal ecology in neotropical melastomataceae. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, evolution, and ecology of melastomataceae (pp. 735–759). Springer.

Michelangeli, F. A., Goldenberg, R., Almeda, F., Judd, W. S., Becquer, E. R., Ocampo, G., Ionta, G. M., Skean Jr., J. D., Majure, L. C., & Penneys, D. S. (2019). Nomenclatural novelties in Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Brittonia, 71(2019), 81–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-018-9546-0

Michelangeli, F. A., Nicolas, A. N., Ocampo, G., Goldenberg, R., Almeda, F., Judd, W. S., Bécquer, E. R., Skean, J., Kriebel, R., Sosa, K., Mayara, K., Ionta, G. M., de Santiago, J. R., Penneys, D., Alvear, M., Gavrutenko, M., Burke, J. M., Majure, L. C., & Reginato, M. (2022). Historical biogeography of the neotropical Miconieae (Melastomataceae) reveals a pattern of progressive colonization out of lowland South America. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae (pp. 629–644). Springer.

Morales, M., Otero, J., van der Hammen, T., Torres, A., Cadena, C., Pedraza, C., Rodríguez, N., Franco, C., Betancourth, J. C., Olaya, E., Posada, E., & Cárdenas, L. (2007). Atlas de páramos de Colombia. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.

Morellato, L. P. C., Alberti, L. F., & Hudson, I. L. (2010). Applications of circular statistics in plant phenology: a case studies approach. In M. Keatley & I. L. Hudson (Eds.), Phenological research: methods for environmental and climate change analysis (pp. 339–359). Springer.

Morellato, L. P. C., Alberton, B., Alvarado, S. T., Borges, B., Buisson, E., Camargo, M. G. G., Cancian, L., Carstensen, D. W., Escobar, D., Leite, P., Mendoza, I., Rocha, N. M., Soares, N. C., Freire, T. S., Staggemeier, V. G., Susin, A., Vargas, B., & Peres, C. A. (2016). Linking plant phenology to conservation biology. Biological Conservation, 195(2016), 6–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.033

Moreno-Mancilla, O. F., Caro-Melgarejo, D. P., Morales-Puentes, M. E., & Gil-Leguizamón, P. A. (2018). Entre plantas y animales: una muestra de la diversidad del DRMI Rabanal (Boyacá) y el piedemonte llanero Sabanalarga (Casanare). Editorial UPTC.

Penneys, D. S., Almeda, F., Reginato, M., Michelangeli, F. A., Goldenberg, R., Fritsch, P. W., & Stone, R. D. (2022). A new Melastomataceae classification informed by molecular phylogenetics and morphology. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, evolution, and ecology of melastomataceae (pp. 109–165). Springer.

Poulin, B., Wright, S. J., Lefebvre, G., & Calderon, O. (1999). Interspecific synchrony and asynchrony in the fruiting phenologies of congeneric bird-dispersed plants in Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 15(2), 213–227. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467499000760

R Core Team. (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/

Ramírez, N., Nassar, J. M., Valera, L., Garay, V., Briceño, H., Quijada, M., Moret, Y. A., & Montilla, J. (2010). Floral morphometric variation in Pachira quinata (Jacq.) W. Alverson (Bombacaceae). Acta Botanica Venezuelica, 33(1), 83–102.

Restrepo, M., & Bonilla, M. A. (2017). Dinámica de la fenología y visitantes florales de dos bromelias terrestres de un páramo de Colombia. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 88(3), 636–645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2017.07.008

Rincón, L. N. G. (2015). Los páramos en Colombia, un ecosistema en riesgo. Ingeniare, 11(19), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.18041/1909-2458/ingeniare.19.530

Rubio, T., Tapia, C., & Urdaneta, M. (2008). Estudio sobre el estado actual del macizo del páramo de Rabanal. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.

Sánchez, D., Arias, S., & Terrazas, T. (2013). Análisis morfométrico de las especies de Echinocereus sección Triglochidiati (Cactaceae) en México. Brittonia, 65(3), 368–385.

Santos, A. P. M. D., Romero, R., & de Oliveira, P. E. A. (2010). Biologia reprodutiva de Miconia angelana (Melastomataceae), endêmica da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 33(2), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84042010000200014

Sierra, E. M., & López, L. F. (2021). Frugivoria por pássaros em Miconia resima Naudin & Miconia prasina (Sw) dc (Melastomataceae), e sua relação com a fenologia da frutificação na Cundinamarca, Colombia. Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research, 4(4), 5619–5646. https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv4n4-059

Ulloa, C., Almeda, F., Goldenberg, R., Kadereit, G., Michelangeli, F. A., Penneys, D. S., Douglas, R., & Veranso-Libalah, M. C. (2022). Melastomataceae: global diversity, distribution, and endemism. In R. Goldenberg, F. Michelangeli, & F. Almeda (Eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae (pp. 3–28). Springer.

Wallace, R. B., & Painter, L. E. (2003). Metodologías para medir la fenología de fructificación y su análisis con relación a los animales frugívoros. Documentos, Ecología en Bolivia, 2(2003), 1–14.

Comments

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2022 Revista de Biología Tropical

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.