Palabras clave
MZUCR; CIBET; lista de especies; herpetofauna costarricense; Universidad de Costa Rica.
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: La colección herpetológica del Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (MZUCR) ha sido clave para resguardar una muestra de la diversidad de anfibios y reptiles de Costa Rica y mantener actualizado el catálogo de las especies presentes en el país. Esta unidad desarrolla estudios filogenéticos y biogeográficos sobre estos animales y juega un papel importante en las decisiones taxonómicas sobre ellos.
Objetivos: En este trabajo revisamos y actualizamos el listado de anfibios y reptiles de Costa Rica, comentando casos con cierta controversia taxonómica. Además, hacemos un breve recuento de la colección herpetológica del MZUCR y exploramos su historia.
Métodos: A partir de la identificación de especímenes mantenidos en nuestra colección y la revisión de literatura científica relevante, actualizamos la lista de especies presentes. Además, recopilamos la información disponible en documentos internos y publicaciones científicas para establecer la historia de la colección.
Resultados: Reconocemos 221 especies de anfibios y 257 de reptiles en Costa Rica, representando 17 y 36 familias, respectivamente. Más del 99% de las especies de anfibios y el 97% de reptiles están representadas en nuestra colección, que actualmente cuenta con más de 24.000 ejemplares debidamente catalogados. La colección alberga 39 holotipos y 190 paratipos de 47 especies, lo que demuestra su papel clave en los estudios taxonómicos de la herpetofauna local. A pesar de que el muestreo de anfibios y reptiles cubre casi todo el país, aun las tierras bajas del norte y las estribaciones caribeñas de la Cordillera de Talamanca requieren de mayores esfuerzos de colecta.
Conclusiones: A pesar de su intensa y larga historia de exploración biológica, los registros de la diversidad herpetológica de Costa Rica continúan aumentando. Gran parte de este crecimiento es resultado de los esfuerzos realizados en el MZUCR. Desde su origen como una modesta colección privada a principios de la década de 1960, se ha convertido en una de las colecciones más completas de anfibios y reptiles que habitan Costa Rica y funciona como una unidad de investigación que genera un conocimiento biológico sustancial sobre ambos grupos.
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