Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN Impreso: 0034-7744 ISSN electrónico: 2215-2075

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/oai
Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of the mixture glyphosate (Roundup® Active) and Cosmo-Flux®411F to anuran embryos and tadpoles of four Colombian species
PDF (English)
HTML (English)

Palabras clave

amphibians
ecotoxicology
herbicides
surfactants
survival
amphibians
ecotoxicology
herbicides
surfactants
survival

Cómo citar

Henao Muñoz, L. M. (2015). Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of the mixture glyphosate (Roundup® Active) and Cosmo-Flux®411F to anuran embryos and tadpoles of four Colombian species. Revista De Biología Tropical, 63(1), 223–233. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v63i1.12893

Resumen

Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world with application in agriculture, forestry, industrial weed control, garden and aquatic environments. However, its use is highly controversial for the possible impact on not-target organisms, such as amphibians, which are vanishing at an alarming and rapid rate. Due to the high solubility in water and ionic nature, the glyphosate requires of surfactants to increase activity. In addition, for the control of coca (Erythroxylum coca) and agricultural weeds in Colombia, formulated glyphosate is mixed and sprayed with the adjuvant Cosmo-Flux®411F to increase the penetration and activity of the herbicide. This study evaluates the acute toxic and sublethal effects (embryonic development, tadpole body size, tadpole swimming performance) of the mixture of the formulated glyphosate Roundup® Active and Cosmo-Flux®411F to anuran embryos and tadpoles of four Colombian species under 96h laboratory standard tests and microcosms, which are more similar to field conditions as they include soil, sand and macrophytes. In the laboratory, embryos and tadpoles of Engystomops pustulosus were the most tolerant (LC50=3 904µg a.e./L; LC50=2 799µg a.e./L, respectively), while embryos and tadpoles of Hypsiboas crepitans (LC50=2 203µg a.e./L; LC50=1 424µg a.e./L, respectively) were the most sensitive. R. humboldti and R. marina presented an intermediate toxicity. Embryos were significantly more tolerant to the mixture than tadpoles, which could be likely attributed to the exclusion of chemicals by the embryonic membranes and the lack of organs, such as gills, which are sensitive to surfactants. Sublethal effects were observed for the tadpole body size, but not for the embryonic development and tadpole swimming performance. In microcosms, no toxicity (LC50 could not be estimated), or sublethal responses were observed at concentrations up to fourfold (14.76kg glyphosate a.e./ha) the highest field application rate of 3.69kg glyphosate a.e./ha. Thus, toxicity was less in the microcosms than in laboratory tests, which may be attributed to the presence of sediments and organic matter which rapidly adsorb glyphosate and surfactants such as POEA. It is concluded that the mixture of glyphosate (Roundup® Active) and Cosmo-Flux®411F, as used in the field, has a negligible toxic effect to embryos and tadpoles of the species tested in this study.

 

Liliana Marcela Henao Muñoz1, Claudia Marsela Montes Rojas2, Manuel Hernando Bernal Bautista3

 

Grupo de Herpetología, Eco-Fisiología & Etología, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Tolima, Calle 42 Barrio Santa Helena, Ibagué, Colombia; lmhenaom@ut.edu.co1, cmmontesr@ut.edu.co2, mhbernal@ut.edu.co3

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v63i1.12893
PDF (English)
HTML (English)

Citas

ASTM. (1998). Standard guide for conducting the frog embryo teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (Vol. E 1439-91, pp. 825-836). West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.

Bernal, M., Solomon, K., & Carrasquilla, G. (2009a). Toxicity of formulated glyphosate (Glyphos®) and Cosmo-Flux to larval Colombian frogs 1. Laboratory acute toxicity. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 72, 961-965.

Bernal, M., Solomon, K., & Carrasquilla, G. (2009b). Toxicity of formulated glyphosate (Glyphos®) and Cosmo-Flux to larval and juvenile Colombian frogs 2. Field and laboratory microcosm acute toxicity. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 72, 966-973.

Berrill, M., Bertram, S., Wilson, A., Louis, S., Brigham, D., & Stromberg, C. (1993). Lethal and sublethal impacts of pyrethroid insecticides on amphibian embryos and tadpoles. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 12, 522-539.

Berrill, M., Bertram, S., McGillivary, L., Kolohon, M., & Pauli, B. (1994). Effects of low concentrations of forest-use pesticides on frog embryos and tadpoles. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 13, 657-664.

Berrill, M., Coulson, D., McGillivary, L., & Pauli, B. (1998). Toxicity of endosulfan to aquatic stages of anuran amphibians. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 17, 1738-1744.

Bradberry, S. M., Proudfoot, A. T., & Vale, J. A. (2004). Glyphosate poisoning. Toxicological Reviews, 23, 159-167.

Brain, R. A., & Solomon, K. R. (2009). Comparison of the hazards posed to amphibians by the glyphosate spray control program versus the chemical and physical activities of coca production in Colombia. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues, 72, 937-948.

Bridges, C. M. (1997). Tadpole swimming performance and activity affected by acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16, 1935-1939.

Cauble, K., & Wagner, R. S. (2005). Sublethal effects of the herbicide glyphosate on amphibian metamorphosis and development. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 75, 429-435.

Clements, C., Ralph, S., & Petras, M. (1997). Genotoxicity of select herbicides in Rana catesbeiana tadpoles using the alkaline single-cell gel DNA electrophoresis (Comet) Assay. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 29, 277-288.

Collins, J. P., & Storfer, A. (2003). Global amphibian declines: Sorting the hypotheses. Diversity and Distributions, 9, 89-98.

Cosmoagro. (2013). Colombia. Retrieved from http://www.cosmoagro.com.

Cowman, D. F., & Mazanti, L. E. (2000). Ecotoxicology of ‘‘new generation’’ pesticides to amphibians. In Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles (pp. 233-268). Pensacola, FL, USA: SETAC.

Duke, S. O., & Powles, S. B. (2008). Glyphosate: A once-in-a-century herbicide. Pest Management Science, 64, 319-325.

Edginton, A., Sheridan, P., Stephenson, G., Thompson, D., & Boermans, H. (2004). Comparative effects of pH and Vision herbicide on two life stages of four anuran amphibian species. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 23, 815-822.

Egea, A., Relyea, R. A., Tejedo, M., & Torralva, M. (2012). Understanding of the impact of chemicals on amphibians: a meta-analytic review. Ecology and Evolution, 2(7), 1382-1397.

Fitzpatrick, S., Reisen, P., & McCaslin, M. (2003). Pollen-mediated gene flow in alfalfa: A three year summary of field research. Proceedings of the 2003 Central Alfalfa Improvement Conference. National Alfalfa Improvement Conference. Retrieved from http://naaic.org/Meetings/Central2003/Gene_Flow_in_Alfalfa_Abstract_final.doc

Giesy, J., Dobson, S., & Solomon, K. (2000). Ecotoxicological risk assessment for Roundup® herbicide. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 167, 35-120.

Glyphosate, World Health Organization International Program on Chemical Safety. (1994). Geneva, vol. 159. Retrieved from http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc159.htm).

Gosner, K. L. (1960). A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica, 16, 183-190.

Guayara-Barragán, M. G., & Bernal, M. H. (2012). Fecundidad y fertilidad en once especies de anuros colombianos con diferentes modos reproductivos. Caldasia, 34, 483-496.

Hall, R. J., & Swineford, D. (1980). Toxic effects of endrin and toxaphene on the southern leopard frog Rana sphenocephala. Environmental Pollution, 23, 53-65.

Henao, L. M., Arango, V. A., & Bernal, M. H. (2013). Toxicidad aguda y efectos subletales del Cosmo-Flux®411F en embriones de cuatro especies de anuros colombianos. Actualidades Biológicas, 35(99), 209-218.

Howe, C. M., Berrill, M., Pauli, B. D., Helbing, C. C., Werry, K., & Veldhoen, N. (2004). Toxicity of glyphosate-based pesticides to four North American frog species. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 23, 1928-1938.

Lajmanovich, R., Lorenzatti, E., Maitre, M., Enrique, S., & Peltzer, P. (2003). Comparative acute toxicity of the commercial herbicides glyphosate to neotropical tadpoles Scinax nasicus (Anura: Hylidae). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 12(4), 364-367.

Lajmanovich, R. C., Attademo, A. M., Peltzer, P. M., Junges, C. M., & Cabagna, M. C. (2011). Toxicity of four herbicide formulations with glyphosate on Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) Tadpoles: B-esterases and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 60, 681-689.

Lenkowski, J. R., Sanchez-Bravo, G., & Mclaughlin, K. A. (2010). Low concentrations of atrazine, glyphosate, 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and triadimefon exposures have diverse effects on Xenopus laevis organ morphogenesis. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 22, 1305-1308.

Maltby, L., Blake, N. N., Brock, T. C. M., & Van den Brink, P. J. (2005). Insecticide species sensitivity distributions: the importance of test species selection and relevance to aquatic ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 24, 379-388.

Mann, R. M., & Bidwell, J. R. (1999). The toxicity of glyphosate and several glyphosate formulations to four species of southwestern Australian frogs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 36, 193-199.

Mann, R. M., Hyne, R. V., Choung, C. B., & Wilson, S. P. (2009). Amphibians and agricultural chemicals: Review of the risk in a complex environment. Environmental Pollution, 157, 2903-2927.

Mattoon, A. (2000). El declive de los anfibios. Worldwatch Institute, 23, 11-21.

Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development of Colombia, “Resolution Number 1435” (2007). Colombia. Retrieved from http://www.minambiente.gov.co/documentos/res_1435_150807.pdf).

Moore, L. J., Fuentes, L., Rodgers, J. H., Boweman, W. W., Yarrow, G. K., Chao, W. Y., & Bridge, W. C. (2012). Relative toxicity of the components of the original formulation of Roundup® to five North American anurans. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 78, 128-133.

Partearroyo, M. A., Pilling, S. J., & Jones, M. N. (1991). The lysis of isolated fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill epithelial cells by surfactants. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 100, 381-388.

Plötner, J., & Matschke, J. (2012). Acute toxic, sublethal and indirect effects of glyphosate and glyphosate herbicide on amphibians - an overview. Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie, 19, 1-20.

Punzo, F. (2005). Effects of insecticide (carbaryl) exposure on activity and swimming performance of tadpoles of the Rio Grande Leopard Frog, Rana berlandieri (Anura: Ranidae). Texas Journal of Science, 57(3), 263-272.

Relyea, R. A. (2004). Growth and survival of five amphibian species exposed to combinations of pesticides. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 23(7), 1737-1742.

Relyea, R. A. (2005). The lethal impact of Roundup on aquatic and terrestrial amphibians. Ecological Applications, 15, 1118-1124.

Relyea, R. A., & Jones, D. K. (2009). The toxicity of Roundup Original Max® to 13 species of larval amphibians. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 28(9), 2004-2008.

Relyea, R. A. (2012). New effects of Roundup on amphibians: Predators reduce herbicide mortality; herbicides induce antipredator morphology. Ecological Applications, 22(2), 634-647.

Rondón, I., Ramírez, W., & Eslava, P. (2007). Evaluación de los efectos tóxicos y concentración letal 50 del surfactante Cosmoflux®411F sobre juveniles de cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus). Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 20(4), 431-446.

Semlitsch, R. D., Scott, D. C., & Pechmann, J. H. K. (1988). Time and size at metamorphosis related to adult fitness in Ambystoma talpoideum. Ecology, 69, 184-192.

Solomon, K. R., & Thompson, D. G. (2003). Ecological risk assessment for aquatic organisms from over-water uses of glyphosate. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 6, 289-324.

Solomon, K. R., Anadón, A., Cerdeira, A. L., Marshall, J., & Sanin, L. H. (2005). Estudio de los efectos del Programa de Erradicación de Cultivos Ilícitos mediante la aspersión aérea con el herbicida Glifosato (PECIG) y de los cultivos ilícitos en la salud humana y en el medio ambiente. Comisión Interamericana para el Control del Abuso de Drogas (CICAD).

Solomon, K. R., Anadón, A., Carrasquilla, G., Cerdeira, A., Marshall, J., & Sanin, L. H. (2007). Coca and poppy eradication in Colombia: Environmental and human health assessment of aerially applied glyphosate. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 190, 43-125.

Sparling, D., Linder, G., Bishop, C., & Krest, S. (2010). Ecotoxicology of amphibians and reptiles. Pensacola, Florida: CRC Press.

Storfer, A. (2003). Amphibian declines: future directions. Diversity and Distributions, 9, 151-163.

Triana, T. M., Montes, C. M., & Bernal, M. H. (2013). Efectos letales y subletales del glifosato (Roundup® Activo) en embriones de anuros colombianos. Acta biológica Colombiana, 18(2), 271-278.

Trumbo, J. (2005). An assessment of the hazard of a mixture of the herbicide Rodeo® and the non-ionic surfactant R-11® to aquatic invertebrates and larval amphibians. California fish and game, 91(1), 38-46.

Tsui, M. T., & Chu, L. M. (2004). Comparative toxicity of glyphosate-based herbicides: Aqueous and sediment pore water exposures. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 46, 316-323.

Walker, S. R., Taylor, I. N., Milne, G., Osten, V. A., Hoque, Z., & Farquharson, R. J. (2005). A survey of management and economic impact of weeds in dryland cotton cropping systems of subtropical Australia. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 45, 79-91.

Wang, N., Besser, J. M., Buckler, D. R., Honegger, J. L., Ingersoll, C. G., Johnson, B. T., & McKee, M. J. (2005). Influence of sediment on the fate and toxicity of a polyethoxylated tallowamine surfactant system (MON 0818) in aquatic microcosms. Chemosphere, 59, 545-551.

Wilbur, H. M., & Collins, J. P. (1973). Ecological aspects of amphibian metamorphosis. Science, 182, 1305-1314.

Williams, B. K., & Semlitsch, R. D. (2010). Larval responses of three midwestern anurans to chronic low-dose exposures of four herbicides. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 58, 819-827.

Wojtaszek, B., Staznik, B., Chartrand, D., Stephenson, G., & Thompson, D. (2004). Effects of Vision® herbicide on mortality, avoidance response, and growth of amphibian larvae in two forest wetlands. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 23(4), 832-842.

Comentarios

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Derechos de autor 2015 Revista de Biología Tropical

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.