Palabras clave
land use
detritivores
human impacts
decay rates
Puerto Rico.
riachuelos tropicales
uso de tierra
detritivoros
impactos humanos
tasa de descomposición
Puerto Rico.
Cómo citar
Resumen
El uso de la tierra influye significativamente sobre los procesos en ecosistemas de riachuelo, como la descomposición de la hojarasca. En el presente estudio, se evaluaron las tasas de descomposición de la hojarasca en arroyos tropicales menores de zonas boscosa, agrícola y urbana en Puerto Rico. Para medir las tasas de descomposición se colocaron bolsas de malla gruesa en nueve riachuelos, tres para cada uno de los tipos de uso de tierra. Se midieron los cambios en la masa de hojarasca con el tiempo, las tasas de descomposición, la composición de macroinvertebrados y los aspectos fisico-químicos del riachuelo. Los riachuelos mostraron diferencias en la fisico-química del agua: los riachuelos urbanos presentaron los valores más altos en casi todas las variables. Las características físicas del riachuelo fueron evaluadas utilizando un protocolo visual, el cual indica que los riachuelos urbanos y asociados a la agricultura están más degradados que los asociados a bosques. La tasa de descomposición de la hojarasca fue rápida en todos los riachuelos (k=0.006-0.024). La descomposición estuvo relacionada con las condiciones físicas del riachuelo, siendo más rápido en aquellos asociados al bosque. Los invertebrados que colonizaron las hojas fueron principalmente efemerópteros (Leptophlebiidae, Baetidae, and Caenidae), dípteros (Chironomidae), tricópteros (Polycentropodidae) y escarabajos (Elmidae and Gyrinidae). Contrario a lo encontrado en otros estudios, no hallamos decápodos. Hubo poca evidencia de que los insectos afecten la descomposición. Los resultados sugieren que el uso de la tierra es un factor importante que afecta el proceso de descomposición de la hojarasca en los riachuelos. Contrario a los estudios en zonas templadas, hallamos evidencia de una relación positiva de los nutrientes de tierra agrícola con las tasas de descomposición. Los cambios en las características físicas de los riachuelos parecen ser los factores principales en los patrones de descomposición.Citas
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Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de Biología Tropical