Palabras clave
sediments
oysters
mussels
Gulf of Paria
Metales pesados
sedimentos
ostras
mejillones
Golfo de Paria
Cómo citar
Resumen
El Golfo de Paria está rodeado por Trinidad y Venezuela y es una fuente significativa de peces y moluscos para el consumo humano. Se extrajo muestras de ostras (Crassostrea rhizophorae y C. virginica), mejillones (Perna viridis) y sedimentos de cuatro sitios de Trinidad y tres de Venezuela en el golfo, así como muestras de tres localidades de la costa norte de Venezuela. El tejido comestible homogenizado de 12 moluscos de cada localidad fue usado para la extracción de metales pesados. El cadmio, cromo, cobre, plomo, níquel y zinc fueron analizados por espectroscopía de absorción atómica a la llama y el mercurio fue determinado por vapor al frío. Las ostras del Golfo de Paria presentaron concentraciones significativamente más altas de cadmio, cobre, níquel y zinc que las de la costa norte de Venezuela; pero esa diferencia no fue aparente en los mejillones. El mercurio en los sedimentos en todos los sitios y también el cadmio, cobre, níquel, plomo y zinc de varios sitios excedieron los niveles permisibles de las normas canadienses y estadounidenses. Los valores de cadmio, mercurio y zinc en los sedimentos se correlacionaron significativamente con los de los mejillones, pero no con los de las ostras. En las ostras los valores de cobre y zinc en varios sitios en el Golfo de Paria excedieron los límites máximos permitidos para el consumo humano. Los mejillones pueden ser mejores indicadores de contaminación de metales pesados en sedimentos, pero las ostras pueden indicar mejor la contaminación por cobre y zinc. Se necesita determinar el indicador biológico más apropiado en la determinación de metales pesados y otros contaminantes en el ambiente marino local, y desarrollar protocolos para su uso.Citas
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Derechos de autor 2005 Revista de Biología Tropical