Palabras clave
lipase
filamentous fungi
lignocellulosic materials
Brazilian savanna.
celulasa
lipasa
hongos filamentosos
materiales lignocelulósicos
sabana brasileña.
Cómo citar
Resumen
La sabana brasileña conocida como Cerrado, es un bioma con alto grado de endemismo con el potencial de albergar muchos microorganismos de alto interés biotecnológico. Los hongos producen muchas enzimas que se aplican ampliamente en procesos industriales. El suelo del Cerrado, que suele ser ácido, es un ambiente favorable para el crecimiento de hongos capaces de degradar materiales lignocelulósicos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue aislar los hongos celulolíticos filamentosos nativos del Cerrado. Muestras de suelo y de hojarasca fueron recolectadas en el Parque Estatal del Cerrado, ubicado en el sur de Brasil. De 28 cepas aisladas, 25 produjeron celulasa que fue detectada con lugol. Las cepas fueron cultivadas en medio CMC (carboximetilcelulosa). Los aislados fueron identificados morfológicamente (color, forma de crecimiento) y por secuenciación de la región 18S rRNA, produciendo resultados congruentes. Una cepa de Colletotrichum boninense y una cepa de Trichoderma sp., ambas aisladas de muestras de suelo, presentaron la mayor actividad celulolítica. Todas las cepas mostraron actividad lipolítica, la producción y la actividad se vieron influidos por la temperatura. El presente estudio revela nuevas cepas de hongos filamentosos conocidos con potencial de aplicación en la degradación de la biomasa, sin embargo, la optimización de las condiciones de cultivo es necesaria para lograr la viabilidad económica.Citas
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