Palabras clave
mortalidad; coralivoría; degradación; brote poblacional; lesiones.
Cómo citar
Resumen
ntroducción: una de las amenazas actuales para los arrecifes de coral es la pérdida de cobertura de coral vivo. La depredación masiva asociada con los brotes poblaciones de la estrella corona de espinas, amenaza la permanencia de los arrecifes. Desde 2017, ha habido evidencia de un incremento en la densidad de el asteroideo y de un incremento en la mortalidad coralina en el sur del golfo de California. Objetivo: describir el primer evento de depredación sobre corales por Acanthaster planci en la isla Espíritu Santo, golfo de California, México. Métodos: visitamos el arrecife El Corralito nueve veces entre 2017 y 2019, realizando censos visuales en transectos errantes y de banda (25 x 3m) para determinar la densidad de la estrella, su comportamiento y daño. Monitoreamos la depredación sobre las colonias de Pavona gigantea durante siete meses. Resultados: la densidad promedio de individuos en El Corralito en 2018-19 fue 607.40 ind/ha. La depredación del asteoroideo fue evidente en más del 60% de los individuos diagnosticados (N=827), con las afectaciones más grandes en las colonias de P. gigantea (80%). El 63% de los 129 de los individuos del asteroideo observados estaban alimentándose principalmente sobre Porites panamensis (68% de los casos). Las lesiones agudas indican que el evento de depredación está activo. En 81 días, se perdieron 25m 2 de una de las colonias monitoreadas. Conclusiones: Existe un evento de brote poblacional activo con consecuencias negativas significativas sobre el arrecife El Corralito, el cual puede ocasionar pérdida de cobertura de coral en pocos meses. El monitoreo y el manejo son necesarios para establecer las razones que llevaron a brote poblacional y para controlarlo.
Citas
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