Palabras clave
hanging seed traps;
day and night frugivores;
phenology;
Andean forest
dispersión de semillas;
trampas colgantes de semillas;
frugívoros diurnos y nocturnos;
fenología;
bosque andino
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: Mucho se ha discutido sobre la importancia del papel que juegan diferentes tipos de frugívoros como dispersores de semillas en las comunidades vegetales, pero en realidad se han realizado pocos estudios. Objetivo: Evaluamos y comparamos la dispersión diurna y nocturna de semillas en un bosque subandino primario y secundario en el sur de Colombia. Métodos: Estimamos el número y la biomasa (kg/ha) de semillas dispersadas durante un año (2017) utilizando 60 trampas de frutos que se revisaron antes del amanecer y antes del atardecer durante 10 días continuos cada dos meses. Resultados: Se encontró que, de 1 874 semillas dispersas, el 55.8 % (10.9 kg/ha) se recolectaron durante el día y el 44.2 % (6.39 kg/ha) durante la noche. No hubo diferencias significativas entre la dispersión de semillas diurna y nocturna en número de semillas o biomasa. Tampoco encontramos diferencias entre la dispersión de semillas en el bosque primario y el bosque secundario a lo largo del tiempo. Dentro de los organismos diurnos, los primates y las aves frugívoras parecen ser los principales responsables de este servicio ecosistémico durante el día; mientras que los murciélagos, las aves (por ejemplo, los guácharos) y probablemente los primates lo hicieron durante la noche. Conclusiones: La dispersión diurna y nocturna parecen ser iguales en número y peso de semillas, pero no en la similitud de especies de plantas dispersadas. Sigue siendo un desafío reconocer la importancia relativa de los diferentes organismos frugívoros como dispersores de semillas utilizando métodos de trampa de frutos.
Citas
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