Palabras clave
Isla Isabel; coral hermatípico; Pacífico Central Mexicano Central; restauración arrecifal.
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: Los corales ramificados del género Pocillopora son los constructores arrecifales más importantes del Pacífico Tropical Oriental (PTO). Sin embargo, sus poblaciones han disminuido por efectos de eventos de estrés térmico ocurridos las últimas décadas. Por ello, se han desarrollado estrategias de restauración activa como respuesta de mitigación, pero no ha sido posible establecer protocolos específicos para estas especies en el PTO.
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficiencia de dos tipos de sustrato (natural vs. artificial) con base en la comparación del crecimiento de coral (tasa de extensión y área de tejido) en tres morfoespecies de Pocillopora a lo largo de un año.
Métodos: Las estimaciones del crecimiento coralino se hicieron con dos técnicas (extensión lineal y área superficial) en P. cf. verrucosa, P. cf. capitata and P.cf. damicornis cada tres meses durante un año.
Resultados: Las tasa de extensión y crecimiento del área superficial variaron entre las morfoespecies de P. cf. verrucosa (16.33 mm año-1 y 168.49 mm2 año-1), P. cf. capitata (16.25 mm año -1 y 176.83 mm2 año-1), y P.cf. damicornis (12.38 mm año-1 y 87.62 mm2 año-1). Los resultados mostraron que los tipos de sustratos no afectaron el crecimiento de los corales Pocillopora, aunque existió un efecto causado por el cambio de la estación climática, donde la estación cálida promueve un incremento su crecimiento.
Conclusiones: Este estudio demuestra que la restauración de corales puede ser implementada con sustrato artificial o natural, sin diferencias en el crecimiento de corales entre ellos. Nosotros recomendamos continuar con la implementación de los programas de restauración de arrecifes de coral, resaltando, la importancia de iniciarlos en la estación cálida cuando existe un desempeño más óptimo en el crecimiento, particularmente de las especies P. cf. verrucosa y P. cf. capitata, lo cual ayudará a mejorar la efectividad de las acciones de manejo en el Parque Nacional Isla Isabel.
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