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Introducción: El cangrejo de arrecife Plagusia depressa se distribuye ampliamente en los océanos tropicales. En el océano Atlántico, esta especie se distribuye en regiones geográficamente distantes con diferentes presiones ambientales, lo que puede llevar a una divergencia morfológica. Objetivos: Explorar las diferencias morfométricas en las poblaciones de Plagusia depressa entre arrecifes costeros y una isla oceánica en el Atlántico tropical occidental. Además, examinar el posible vínculo entre la plasticidad fenotípica de la especie y los factores ambientales y geográficos. Métodos: Se muestrearon un total de 194 cangrejos en cuatro sitios costeros y oceánicos brasileños (Suape: n= 52, Tamandaré: n= 53, Barra Grande: n= 44 y Archipiélago Fernando de Noronha: n= 45) desde 2020 hasta 2022, bajo influencias antropogénicas y ambientales distintas. El análisis morfométrico lineal y geométrico empleó siete medidas lineales y puntos de referencia específicos en el caparazón, abdomen y quelas derechas para señalar diferencias morfométricas significativas entre estas áreas. Resultados: La población costera más occidental mostró diferencias sorprendentes con las otras regiones. Los cangrejos machos en esta población presentaban un rostro de caparazón pronunciado, mientras que las hembras mostraban un abdomen más estrecho, telson más largo y adelgazamiento y alargamiento de las quelas. Es posible que el aislamiento pronunciado en esta área, junto con patrones de cambios en las corrientes oceánicas, puedan influir en nuestros resultados. Los caparazones de las cangrejas hembra de la zona de la isla mostraron un ensanchamiento lateral y depresiones de rostro pronunciadas. Además, al estar más lejos del continente, este sitio tiene características ambientales de isla oceánica, lo que afecta a la población a través de la desecación y la exposición al aire. Para los cangrejos machos, diferentes formas de quelas derechas en diferentes áreas indican un impacto de la captura de alimentos y la interacción con otros organismos en su plasticidad fenotípica. Conclusión: Factores ambientales como la exposición a las mareas y la composición del hábitat podrían desempeñar un papel en la plasticidad fenotípica de los cangrejos de marea. Además, una barrera biogeográfica en el noreste de Brasil, que hasta ahora se había tenido en poca consideración, tiene importantes implicaciones para la biogeografía del Atlántico tropical occidental
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