Palabras clave
trypsin;
leucine aminopeptidase;
hatchling;
juvenile;
adult
pepsina;
tripsina;
leucina aminopeptidasa;
cría;
juvenil;
adulto
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: El cocodrilo de pantano (Crocodylus moreletii) es una especie distribuida en el sureste mexicano y amenazada por múltiples presiones. Objetivo: Caracterizar las proteasas digestivas en fase ácida (estómago) y fase alcalina (intestino) en tres etapas de vida de C. moreletii en cautiverio (cría, juvenil y adulto). Métodos: Se cuantificaron las actividades de proteasas alcalinas y ácidas totales utilizando caseína y hemoglobina como sustrato. Las actividades de tripsina, quimotripsina, leucina aminopeptidasa y elastasa se cuantificaron utilizando sustratos sintéticos. Los perfiles de proteasas se analizaron mediante SDS-PAGE y PAGE nativa. Resultados: La actividad específica de las proteasas ácidas y alcalinas mostró diferencias entre las tres tallas, encontrándose la mayor actividad en el estadio juvenil. Las actividades de tripsina, quimotripsina, leucina aminopeptidasa y elastasa fueron mayores en las crías. Hubo diferencias en el pH y temperatura óptimos de las proteasas ácidas y alcalinas, tripsina y leucina aminopeptidasa entre las tres tallas, demostrando la diversificación de las enzimas según las diferentes tallas, así como la presencia de isoformas específicas en cada talla de C. moreletii. El zimograma en fase ácida mostró cuatro bandas con actividad similar a pepsina en la cría y juvenil, mientras que en el adulto solo se detectaron dos de las cuatro bandas. El zimograma alcalino mostró que la cría tuvo el mayor número de bandas de actividad en comparación con las otras tallas, correspondiente a la alta actividad específica reportada en la fase alcalina. Conclusiones: Las proteasas digestivas del cocodrilo de pantano presentaron características bioquímicas y en número de proteasas diferentes entre cría, juvenil y adulto. Esto podría ayudar en el futuro diseño de dietas balanceadas, así como al manejo y producción sustentable de esta especie.
Citas
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