Palabras clave
tica; Centroamérica; Estructura de canción; Pacifico Norte; Reproducción.
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: La ballena jorobada del segmento poblacional Centroamericano se reproduce en la costa Pacífica de Nicaragua. El conocimiento sobre la biología y estado de conservación de esta población amenazada y su estado de conservación es limitado.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es generar la primera descripción del canto de las ballenas jorobadas de la población de Centroamérica observadas en aguas nicaragüenses.
Métodos: Se obtuvieron grabaciones acústicas durante salidas de investigación en dos localidades de la costa Pacífica de Nicaragua en el 2018. Las grabaciones se realizaron desde el bote utilizando un sistema portátil durante un total de 23 horas y 56 minutos en 32 días de enero hasta abril del 2018. Un total de nueve grabaciones de suficiente calidad para el análisis de los cantos fueron identificados durante este periodo en tres días en Padre Ramos (Norte) y cuatro días en San Juan del Sur (Sur). La estructura del canto se describió de acuerdo con los elementos estándares de canciones de ballenas jorobadas: temas, frases y unidades.
Resultados: Se identificaron siete temas, siete frases y 19 unidades. Tres temas eran comunes y se repetían varias veces dentro de una canción mientras que otras eran menos comunes en el repertorio de canto y se grabaron solo en la mitad de la temporada. El orden de los temas en la canción fue variable a dentro de la canción y entre las sesiones de canto.
Conclusiones: Este estudio representa la primera descripción del canto de las ballenas jorobadas en el Pacifico nicaragüense. La comparación de estos cantos con los de otras localidades de la población de Centroamérica y con otras áreas de reproducción de poblaciones en el hemisferio norte contribuirá a comprender mejor los patrones migratorios de estos animales y el nivel de conectividad entre poblaciones desde que la canción fue aprendida. La recolección futura de datos de cantos de ballenas jorobadas en Nicaragua es necesaria para mejorar la comprensión de la variación en la estructura del canto de esta población y el mecanismo de transmisión y dinámica de canto entre poblaciones de la región.
Citas
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