Efectos del entrenamiento oclusivo en personas con enfermedad renal crónica: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/w4883691Palabras clave:
actividad física, enfermedad renal crónica, hemodiálisis, entrenamientoResumen
El objetivo fue identificar y revisar críticamente los principales estudios disponibles que han tenido como objetivo mostrar los efectos del entrenamiento oclusivo (EO), en personas con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo la guía PRISMA. Se buscaron estudios que informaran sobre los efectos del EO en la ERC en tres bases de datos (Pubmed, SPORTDiscuss y Scopus) desde sus inicios hasta septiembre 2024. Se empleó la escala PEDro para determinar la calidad metodológica de las investigaciones seleccionadas. Se identificaron diez estudios aleatorizados, de calidad metodológica entre regular y buena. Los estudios informaron del impacto del EO en variables bioquímicas, hemodinámicas, antropométricas y ligadas a la condición física. No se reportaron efectos adversos derivados del EO. Asimismo, la adherencia al programa de ejercicio fue buena. La evidencia científica al respecto de la prescripción de EO en personas con ERC es limitada. Los resultados de los estudios hasta ahora publicados indican que el EO puede producir mejoras a nivel hemodinámico, aunque sus efectos no son superiores a los de otras modalidades de ejercicio físico, que pueden ser más recomendables a la hora de lograr cambios sustanciales en la composición corporal y los niveles de fuerza muscular.
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