Influência do desconforto físico na carga de trabalho e a preparação para o treinamento em jogadores de futebol sub-23: um período preparatório para os Jogos Olímpicos
Palavras-chave:
prevenção de lesões esportivas, desempenho esportivo, esportes coletivos, treinamento de futebolResumo
Este estudo examinou a relação entre o desconforto físico com a carga de treinamento e a disposição para treinar em jogadores de futebol, durante microciclos de choque e microciclos de descarga antes da participação nos Jogos Olímpicos. Participaram 26 jogadores sub-23 da seleção hondurenha (22,5 ± 1,8 anos). A carga externa foi avaliada por meio de um sistema de posicionamento global e foram obtidos dados sobre velocidade máxima (km/h), distância de sprint (>24,1 km/h), distância de corrida de intensidade muito alta (18,1-24 km/h), distância de corrida de alta intensidade (AI [15,1-18 km/h]), "carga do jogador", número de acelerações (+2,5 m/s²) e desacelerações (-2,5 m/s²). Além disso, foram realizadas medidas subjetivas, como a percepção de esforço e a escala de qualidade de recuperação total. Um questionário foi aplicado para avaliar a disposição para treinar, que incluiu as variáveis humor, qualidade de sono, níveis de energia, dores musculares, nutrição, estresse e saúde. Os jogadores com desconforto físico foram identificados por meio do questionário do Centro de Pesquisa de Trauma Esportivo de Oslo. Os resultados mostram a presença de desconforto físico tanto nos períodos de acumulação de carga como no período de descarga. Os jogadores de futebol com desconforto físico apresentaram menor percepção de esforço e pior qualidade de sono, saúde, dor muscular e motivação. Eles também apresentaram desempenho inferior em velocidade máxima, sprint, acelerações e desacelerações. Os cientistas do esporte devem monitorar o desconforto físico nas seleções nacionais de futebol e prevenir lesões antes de eventos de longa duração, como os Jogos Olímpicos.
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