Ácidos clorogénicos presentes en el café: capacidad antimicrobiana y antioxidante
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v30i1.32974Palabras clave:
alomona, bactericidas, desechos, metabolitos secundarios, producto fitoquímicoResumen
Introducción. Los ácidos clorogénicos son componentes de relevancia presentes en las diferentes partes del fruto de café; son básicamente ésteres de ácido trans-cinámico que poseen actividad antioxidante, hipoglicemiante, antiviral, hepatoprotectora y nutraceútica, entre otras. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue recopilar y analizar la información disponible en la literatura científica sobre la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana presente en el café, y algunos de los productos generados durante su procesamiento. Desarrollo. A lo largo del proceso que se lleva a cabo para la obtención de la bebida de café se generan una serie de productos derivados (broza, mucílago, pergamino, “silver skin”), que en muchas ocasiones son subutlizados, a pesar de que poseen cantidades importantes de ácidos clorogénicos, lo que potencialmente los convierte en elementos de interés para la industria farmacéutica, cosmética y alimentaria. Estos productos derivados exhiben importante actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana, especialmente contra microorganismos gram positivos. En Costa Rica, la investigación referente a los derivados generados durante la producción del café es incipiente, sin embargo, los sectores productivos en conjunto con los investigadores podrían considerarlo como una alternativa novedosa y apta para revalorizar la operación productiva del grano de café. Conclusión. Existe evidencia científica que indica que, tanto los granos como los subproductos derivados del café poseen compuestos fenólicos que benefician la salud humana.
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