Producción de insectos comestibles: retos, oportunidades y perspectivas para Costa Rica

Autores/as

  • Ileana Maricruz Bermúdez-Serrano Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-6751
  • Ana María Quirós-Blanco Universidad de Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
  • Óscar Acosta-Montoya Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2023.53052

Palabras clave:

proteína de insectos, procesamiento de alimentos, innovación, industria alimentaria, entomofagia

Resumen

Introducción. Los insectos comestibles se presentan como una fuente alternativa de proteína generada con prácticas de producción sostenibles con el medio ambiente y de alto valor nutricional. La producción de alimentos con insectos ha aumentado en los últimos años a nivel mundial y se estima que continuará en crecimiento. Costa Rica cuenta con un pequeño número de productores de insectos comestibles, lo que ha conllevado un creciente interés de la academia y entidades estatales por fomentar el sector. Objetivo. Presentar el mercado actual, las oportunidades, los retos y las perspectivas de la producción, procesamiento y comercialización de insectos comestibles a nivel internacional y en Costa Rica. Desarrollo. Se describe el mercado actual de los insectos comestibles a nivel mundial, los principales retos y oportunidades de su producción, procesamiento y comercialización, así como el desarrollo del sector en Costa Rica. Conclusión. A nivel mundial, los principales retos relacionados con la producción de alimentos con insectos son la baja aceptación del consumidor, la falta de tecnologías de producción de insectos y un deficiente marco regulatorio. En Costa Rica, debido a los esfuerzos conjuntos de la academia, el sector público y privado, existe un marco regulatorio base que permite la producción de tres especies de insectos para consumo humano. Los costarricenses tienen la disposición de incluir los insectos en su dieta, pero aún es necesario desarrollar mejores métodos de producción para facilitar el crecimiento del sector.

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2023-08-25

Cómo citar

Bermúdez-Serrano, I. M., Quirós-Blanco, A. M., & Acosta-Montoya, Óscar. (2023). Producción de insectos comestibles: retos, oportunidades y perspectivas para Costa Rica. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 34(3), 53052. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2023.53052