Revista Clínica Escuela de Medicina UCR-HSJD ISSN electrónico: 2215-2741

OAI: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/clinica/oai
Overview and Update on Pharmacotherapy in Epilepsy
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Keywords

Anticonvulsants
Epilepsy
Drug therapy
Adverse effects
Anticrisis
Epilepsia
Tratamiento farmacológico
Efectos adversos

Abstract

Between 5% and 10% of the population will experience a crisis in life, with a higher incidence in childhood and in older adults. A seizure is a paroxysmal episode caused by abnormal, excessive firing or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. With different forms of manifestation, according to the distribution of the depolarizations. Meanwhile, epilepsy is a disorder accompanied by several recurrent crises, due to an underlying chronic process. The definition of epilepsy will vary according to the clinical context and the encephalograms of each patient. Among the multiple causes, there will be different epileptic syndromes, each with peculiar manifestations and pathologies, suggestive of a specific underlying etiology. Taking this into account, it is estimated that the incidence is approximately 0.3% to 0.5%, with a prevalence of 5 to 30 per 1000 inhabitants. The purpose of this review is to educate and update health professionals, researchers, and even patients. This through a review of the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and the therapeutic targets of the current anti-seizures, and the new anti-seizures approved by the FDA. In addition, of the adverse effects and the important pharmacological interactions of these. All this, to highlight current advances in pharmacological treatment, the importance of developing new anti-crisis, and to facilitate the choice or combination of the most appropriate anti-seizure for patients.

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Copyright (c) 2023 Carlos Mario Sequeira Quesada, Edwin Lin, Josué Morales Chinchilla, Alexis de Jesús Castillo Cordero, Andrés Porras Ramírez, Juan Alberto Hernández Bonilla

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