Palabras clave
gender differences
undergraduate
Tobit model
Tobit-Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition.
Rendimiento académico
Diferencias de género
Estudiantes universitarios
Modelo Tobit
Descomposición Tobit-Blinder-Oaxaca
Cómo citar
Resumen
El principal objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las diferencias de género en el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiante. Para ello, disponemos de una muestra integrada por datos correspondientes a 3,219 estudiantes adscritos a la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Sobre dichos datos se ha implantado la técnica de estimación Tobit y el método de descomposición Tobit-Blinder-Oaxaca. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el 67.27 por cien de las diferencias en el rendimiento académico entre hombres y mujeres se explica a través de las características observadas. Los resultados alcanzados también revelan que la capacidad intelectual, la experiencia en la asignatura, el esfuerzo realizado por el estudiante durante el curso y los estudios cursados en materia contable durante su etapa en educación secundaria tienen un efecto positivo y significativo en los estudiantes de ambos sexos. Por el contrario, las becas de estudio sólo influyen positivamente en el rendimiento académico de las mujeres, mientras la categoría profesional del docente y la franja horaria a la que acude el estudiante (varón) influyen negativamente en el rendimiento académico de sus compañeros varones. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones prácticas para los organismos que conceden becas, así como para los profesores. Mientras los organismos que conceden becas deberían mantener o aumentar el número de becas concedidas a las estudiantes (mujeres), los profesores deberían proporcionar material complementario a los estudiantes que simule situaciones reales que puedan encontrarse cuando se incorporen al mercado laboral.
Citas
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