Resumen
Objetivo: identificar la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas para prevenir o tratar la obesidad en adolescentes. Metodo: Se trató de una revisión integradora de la literatura, basada en la pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuál es la efectividad de las intervenciones de prevención / tratamiento de la obesidad en adolescentes?”. La búsqueda se realizó en seis bases de datos electrónicas en portugués, inglés y español en julio de 2020, lo que permitió identificar 5401 artículos. Resultados: se identificaron 31 artículos que cubren intervenciones educativas basadas en el apoyo nutricional y psicológico, la actividad física y un estilo de vida saludable. Predominó la actividad física, las intervenciones interdisciplinarias conductuales, nutricionales y de estilo de vida. Las acciones tuvieron un efecto beneficioso sobre la calidad de vida de los participantes, el índice de masa corporal, los hábitos de ejercicio diario y la conducta alimentaria positiva entre los adolescentes. Las intervenciones para el control y la prevención de la obesidad analizadas en esta revisión tuvieron efectos positivos en la reducción del peso corporal. Conclusión: Los hallazgos señalaron la necesidad de realizar más estudios para tener un mayor control sobre los beneficios y la adherencia a las intervenciones destinadas a prevenir y tratar la obesidad
Citas
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