Abstract
The aim of this article is to present the best available scientific evidence on the use of amikacin as prophylaxis in patients undergoing prostatectomy. The indication of amikacin in prostatectomy-type surgeries refers to prophylactic use, which is why the concern about the benefit of administering the drug in these patients arises, taking into account that, among the adverse effects, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are evidenced mainly in people older adults or with previous kidney problems. We used the evidence-based clinical practice methodology (PCBE), based on a clinical question to later perform the electronic searches in databases such as: MEDLINE, Google academic and Cochrane Library Plus. After establishing the inclusion and exclusion criteria and critical analysis, four documents were selected that relate to the answer to the question posed. The results for the critical analysis were thoroughly reviewed through the FCL 2.0 computer platform with the corresponding templates. The evidence indicates that no study directly responded to the clinical question posed, the investigations analyzed do not demonstrate evidence confirming that the prophylactic use of amikacin is beneficial in patients undergoing surgery. It was concluded that no significant evidence was found to support the prophylactic use of amikacin to reduce infections. Prophylaxis focuses on administering patients with urological surgical procedures as first choice a lower spectrum antibiotic, since to administer amikacin it is necessary to comply with established institutional guidelines according to the condition of each user, taking into account the results of the tests of renal function pre and post administration.
References
Medicine UNLo. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health. 2017.
Guanche H, Reyes R, Pardo G, Pisonero J. Profilaxis perioperatoria en cirugía urológica en hospitales cubanos. Revista Cubana de Cirugía. 2011;50(4):413-422.
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Prevención de las infecciones nosocomiales. Guía práctica. Guía práctica. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud; 2002.
Casares G. Actualización de drogas inyectables. 3rd ed. CCSS , San José: EDNASSS; 2013.
Rojas L. Curso Bimodal Práctica Clínica de Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia: Alcances y Limitaciones. Revenf. 2011; 20:1-18. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i20.3646.
Rojas L, Rodríguez A, Monge M. Influencia de la capacitación: “Práctica clínica basada en la evidencia” en la práctica diaria de la enfermera (o). Revenf. 2013; 25. DOI: https//doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i25.11890.
Moran L. Práctica de enfermería basada en evidencias. Revista Mexicana de Enfermería Cardiológica. 2001; 9 (1-4): 24-30.
Satoshi Takahashi et al. Serum antimicrobial concentrations for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in radical nephrectomy and radical prostatectomy. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. 2015 March; 21(1).
Hwang EC at al. A prospective Korean multicenter study for infectious complications in patients undergoing prostate surgery: risk factors and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis. Journal of Korean medical science. 2014 Sep; 29(9).
Wolf SJ et al. Urologic Surgery Antimicrobial Prophylaxis. Guías clínicas. USA: American Urological Association; 2008.
Ammon D. Antibiotic stewardship: A crucial task to counter multidrug-resistant bacteria. European Asocciation of Urology. 2017
American Urological Association. Clinically localized prostate cancer: aua/astro/suo guideline. Guías clínicas de urología. USA: American Urological Association, American Urological Association; 2017.
Haifler M, Mor Y, Dotan Z, Ramon J y Zilberman D. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment following laparoscopic robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections: did the AUA guidelines make a difference? Journal of robotic surgery. 2017; 11: 367-371. DOI: 10.1007/s11701-016-0667-8.
Shin B, Chung H, Hwang E, Jung S and Kwon D. Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Radical Prostatectomy: Comparison of 2-Day and More than 2-Day Prophylaxis. Journal of Korean science. 2017; 32: 1009-1015. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.
15. Food and Drug Administration. 2016.
Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social. Lista oficial de medicamentos (LOM) y normativa CCSS. San José. BINASS; 2014.
17. Zúñiga J, Bejarano C, Valenzuela C, Gough C, Castro M, Chinchilla L y otros. Perfil de sensibilidad a los antibióticos de las bacterias en infecciones del tracto urinario. Acta Médica Costarricense. San José. 2016; 58: 146-154.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Estrategia mundial de la OMS para contener la resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Guías clínicas. Suiza. OMS. 2001.
Fernández J y Richard M. Variabilidad de la práctica clínica. Situación actual y retos para enfermería. Enfermería clínica. 2010; 20: 114-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2009.12.004
Schneidewind L,KJ,SD,BD,MS,GM,QF,FT,PAE. Mulitcenter study on antibiotic prophylaxis, infectious complications and risk assessment in TUR-P. Central European Journal of Urology. 2017; 70(1).