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Abstract
Postpartum depression is a globally relevant health issue. It is primarily associated with women who have children with low birth weight and gestational age. Patients experience suicidal thoughts, and cases of infanticide have been reported. Hence, it´s important to analyze it with the aim of evaluating the psychosocial factors that determine postpartum depression in women from the city of Jerez, Zacatecas, Mexico. A case study was conducted with a sample of 180 women who attended prenatal and postpartum care at the General Hospital of Jerez. They were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological data. The results indicated that 53.3% of the participating women attended prenatal care, and 46.7% were in the postpartum stage. 64.4% were between 18 and 35 years old, 92.8% had basic education, and 55.6% had an income of less than 4,000 Mexican pesos. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 22.8%. Statistically significant associations (p<0.05) with postpartum depression were found in mothers who were homemakers, those experiencing anxiety, and those with a newborn hospitalized. The prevalence of postpartum depression was similar to that reported in national and global research. Promotion and prevention efforts should be strengthened at different levels of care. Continued use of EPDS for detecting women with depressive symptoms is recommended, as they should receive comprehensive treatment to improve the health of both mother and child.
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