Extracción de apitoxina con un colector eléctrico en Irapuato, Guanajuato, México

Bucio-Villalobos, Carlos Manuel; Martínez-Jaime, Oscar Alejandro

doi:10.15517/am.v30i2.33987

Authors

Carlos Manuel Bucio-Villalobos Universidad De La Salle Bajío. Av. Universidad 602, Col. Lomas del Campestre, C.P. 37150, León, Guanajuato, México. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-0070
Oscar Alejandro Martínez-Jaime Universidad de Guanajuato. Km 9 carretera Irapuato-Silao, C.P. 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-5686

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v30i2.33987

Keywords:

apiculture, hive products, toxins

Abstract

Introduction. The toxin (apitoxin) produced by Apis mellifera bees, is a product with important expectations in the medical industry, due to the therapeutic use in various diseases. Objetive. The objective of the present study was to estimate the annual production potential of apitoxin, collected through an automated equipment operating with electrical impulses of 10 s of duration and a voltage of 12 v. Materials and methods. Five beehives were used from a beekeeping farm located in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, where the apitoxin was harvested from August 2016 to June 2017, at biweekly intervals for a period of 20 min at a time, suspending the collection in those periods with abundant flows of nectar, to not affect the production of honey. Results. According to the conditions in which this study was developed, the average (± standard deviation) per harvest with biweekly extraction was 52,41±13,83 mg.hive^-1, production that was increased to 62,48±1,37 mg.hive^-1, considering only colonies with low levels of Varroa destructor infestation. Conclusion. The apicultural region where this research was developed, presented potential for the production of apitoxin, being proposed as an additional apicultural product that allows increasing the profitability of the apiary.

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