Palabras clave
sulfate-reducing bacteria
coral
Enfermedad de banda
sulfato reductor de bacterias
coral
Cómo citar
Resumen
La enfermedad de la Banda Negra (BBD) es una enfermedad polimicrobiana compleja, que consiste en las cianobacterias, sulfuro oxidante y bacterias reductoras de sulfato (SRB) y bacterias heterotróficas. La cianobacteria Roseofilum reptotaenium se considera como el principal patógeno de BBD, pero otros miembros del consorcio pueden ser patógenos secundarios que son necesarios para el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Se conoce que las poblaciones de la bacteria reductora de sulfato Desulfovibrio están presentes en BBD y que estas poblaciones generan sulfuro dentro de la banda como un subproducto de la reducción del sulfato. También se conoce que la exposición de los corales sanos a sulfuro conduce a la lisis celular y la muerte del tejido de coral. Trabajos previos muestran que cuando recién colectado el tejido con BBD, que infecta fácilmente corales sanos, se expone al molibdato de sodio, un inhibidor específico de la reducción del sulfato, la infección no se produce. En este estudio analizamos el efecto del molibdato de sodio sobre la infección de los corales en un cultivo unialgal de R. reptotaenium. Fragmentos de coral de Montastraea cavernosa y Siderastrea siderea se transfirieron a dos acuarios experimentales, uno control con solo agua de mar artificial (ASW) y el segundo que contenía ASW y molibdato de sodio 2mM. Pequeñas esteras de cultivo R. reptotaenium se inocularon en la superficie de fragmentos experimentales de coral. Tanto M. cavernosa (n=6) y S. siderea (n=4) se infectaron y desarrollaron infecciones BBD- como en el tanque de control, mientras que había adjuntos temporales, sin infección exitosa en M. cavernosa (n=3) o S. siderea (n=2) en el tanque experimental con molibdato de sodio. Los resultados de este estudio revelan que un patógeno secundario es esencial para el proceso de infección y el desarrollo de BBD en corales escleractíneos. Específicamente, SRB como Desulfovibrio son necesarios para el desarrollo de BBD en el coral hospedero. Este es el primer paso en la comprensión de las funciones de los patógenos secundarios en una enfermedad polimicrobiana compleja de coral.Citas
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Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de Biología Tropical