Palabras clave
cellulose;
agarose;
genetic diversity;
biodegradation
bacteria de manglar;
celulosa;
agarosa;
diversidad genética;
biodegradación
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: Rhizophora mangle se considera un nicho para microorganismos con enzimas degradantes potencialmente novedosas y complejas. Objetivo: Caracterizar poblaciones de Vibrio con métodos dependientes de cultivo, provenientes de muestras de sedimentos y de agua recolectadas a lo largo de un transecto de R. mangle compuesto por tres sitios. Métodos: Las cepas se caracterizaron según su distribución, diversidad, degradación de materia orgánica y parámetros ambientales. Resultados: Las densidades bacterianas estuvieron fuertemente asociadas con la temperatura y la salinidad. Un total de 87 secuencias de buena calidad que representan los aislamientos de los tres sitios se agruparon en 8 OTUs (Unidad taxonómica operativa). La asignación taxonómica indicó que los miembros dominantes eran Vibrionaceae. Los análisis de diversidad beta mostraron que las comunidades bacterianas se agruparon por fuente de la muestra en lugar de distribución espacial, y se encontró que la diversidad alfa era mayor en el agua que en los sedimentos. El 3 % de las cepas de muestras de agua fueron capaces de degradar carboxi-metilcelulosa con índices enzimáticos más bajos en comparación con el 4 % de las cepas de muestras de sedimentos que mostraron los índices enzimáticos más altos. Dos cepas identificadas como Vibrio agarivorans degradaron celulosa y agarosa, produciendo los índices enzimáticos más altos. Conclusiones: Encontramos mayor densidad bacteriana y diversidad en comunidades bacterianas de muestras de agua que en las de sedimento, con diferentes OTUs, incluyendo aquellos similares a Ferrimonas, Providencia, o Shewanella, que no fueron aislados en el sedimento. OTUs de Vibrio degradaron celulosa en ambos tipos de muestras. Los resultados del estudio resaltan la importancia de mangle rojo como hábitat de Vibrio y reservorio de fuentes potenciales de enzimas con aplicaciones biotecnológicas.
Citas
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