Resumen
La imagen de las sociedades secretas, ya sea como una asociación de místicos con ceremonias grandilocuentes que provocan extrañeza entre los espectadores ajenos o como organizaciones malévolas y sedientas de poder, ha sido representada y amplificada en la comunicación de masas desde el siglo XVIII. He aquí algunos ejemplos.
Citas
Sources
Online archives
Eighteenth Century Collections Online. University of Michigan. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/ecco/
Hathi Trust Digital Library. https://www.hathitrust.org
Hemeroteca Nacional Digital de México. https://hndm.iib.unam.mx/index.php/es/
Internet Archive. https://archive.org
Lewis Walpole Library. Yale University. https://collections.library.yale.edu
Masonic Periodicals online. Museum of Freemasonry. https://www.masonicperiodicals.org
Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library Blog. https://www.srmml.org/about/
Staatsbibliotheck zu Berlin. https://staatsbibliothek-berlin.de
The British Museum. https://www.britishmuseum.org
Online media content and blogs
Adonis, Andrew. “Boris Johnson and the freemasons protecting him.” Prospect, August 4, 2019.
https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/politics/boris-johnson-and-the-freemasons-protecting-him
Bell, J. L. “Joseph Green, John Hammock, and the Freemasons.” Boston 1775 (blog), April 15, 2014. https://boston1775.blogspot.com/2014/04/joseph-green-john-hamock-and-freemasons.html
Boucher, Tim. “Conspiracy Theory Is Actually Just Postmodernism In Disguise.” Tim Boucher (blog), July 4, 2021. https://www.timboucher.ca/?s=postmodernism
Colbert, Stephen. “Trump’s relentless, illegal scheme to overturn the election”. The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, June 21, 2022. https://youtu.be/dw50MlFeB1U
Deutsche Welle. “Italy’s Masonic ‘Puppet Master’ dead at 96,” December 17, 2015. https://www.dw.com/en/italys-masonic-puppet-master-dead-at-96/a-18923482
Jones, Julia, and Artemis Moshtaghian. “Wanted Italian mafia boss found hiding in cupboard in his own home.” CNN, October 6, 2016. https://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/06/europe/italian-mafia-boss-hid-in-cupboard/index.html
Keplinger, John G. “Scald Miserable Masons.” Templar History, April 30, 2022. https:// templarhistory.com/scald-miserable-masons/
Ouest France. “Emmanuel Macron et son t-shirt au hibou: qu’est-ce qui se cache derrière cette mystérieuse marque?,” August 3, 2021. https://www.ouest-france.fr/politique/emmanuel-macron/emmanuel-macron-et-son-t-shirt-au-hibou-qu-est-ce-qui-se-cache-derriere-cette-mysterieuse-marque-5147392a-f45e-11eb-be44-3c3b5e3aae9e
Reuters. “Fact Check-Digitally altered image of Italy’s Giorgia Meloni wearing a Freemason pendant.” Reuters, September 30, 2022, https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-meloni-freemason/fact-check-digitally-altered-image-of-italys-giorgia-meloni-wearing-a-freemason-pendant-idUSL1N31129G
Reyes, Mike. “The Battle For SPECTRE. The Rights War That Complicated James Bond For Decades.” Cinemablend, April 12, 2019. https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2470183/the-battle-for-spectre---the-rights-war-that-complicated-james-bond-for-decades
Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes, accessed October 1, 2022. https://www.raobgle.org.uk/#About-Us
Theathertexte. “De Schummelbröder (Die Logenbrüder),” accessed October 1, 2023. https://www.theatertexte.de/nav/2/2/3/werk?verlag_id=vertriebsstelle&wid=869
Theatergruppe Lendorf. “Die blaue Maus (Logenbrüder),” accessed October 1, 2023. https://www.theatergruppe-lendorf.de/die-blaue-maus.html
The Flintstones (fandom page). “Fred Strikes Out,” accessed October 1, 2022. https://flintstones.fandom.com/wiki/Fred_Strikes_Out
The Guardian. “UK to come under scrutiny in Italy’s largest mafia trial in decades,” April 27, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/uk-to-come-under scrutiny-in-italys-largest-mafia-trial-in-decades
The New York Times. “Law.” June 18, 1973, accessed October 1, 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/1972/06/18/archives/support-for-the-right-to-exclude-clubs.html
The Simpsons. “We Do (The Stonecutters’ Song).” Episode “Homer the Great” (season 6), accessed October 1, 2022. https://youtu.be/QoSLiHKrzRU
Vertriebsstelle. “So lang es Männer gibt (Die Logenbrüder),” accessed October 1, 2023. https://www.vvb.de/werke/showWerk?wid=2271
VICE. “The Dark Secret Behind the Royal Family’s Wealth. Empires of Dirt,” October 7, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmcnSs58uVk
VICE. “The Freemasons and the Mafia,” June 11, 2022. https://youtu.be/3SPaDhw4PIQ
Zeltmann, Britta. “MASONIC MYSTERY. Macron sparks wild conspiracy theories he is ‘masonic satanist’ after mystery logo spotted on T-shirt during TikTok chat.” The Sun, August 4, 2021. https://www.the-sun.com/news/3412874/macron-conspiracy-tshirt-logo-tiktok/
Bibliography and historical publications
Chetwode Crawley, W. J. “Mock Masonry in the Eighteenth Century.” Ars Quatuor Coronatorum XVIII (1905): 130-146. Internet Archive, accessed October 1, 2022. https://archive. org/details/Ars_Quatuor_Coronatorum_Vol_Xviii_1905/page/n211/mode/2up
Cheetwood, William Rufus. The generous Free-mason: or, the constant lady. With the humours of Squire Noodle, and his man Doodle. A tragi comi-farcical ballad opera (transcription).
Eighteenth Century Collections Online. University of Michigan. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/ecco/004793688.0001.000?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Coady, David. Conspiracy Theories: The Philosophical Debate. New York: Routledge, 2006.
Collins, Wilkie. The Woman in White. E-book published by The Project Gutenberg, 2008. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/583/583-h/583-h.htm
Dietrichstein, Leo. Are you a mason? A farcical comedy in three acts. New York: Samuel French publisher, copyright by Emmanuel Lederer and Carl Herrmann, 1901. Hathi Trust Digital Library, accessed October 1, 2022, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t1pg2bp6v&view=1up&seq=30&skin=2021
El Monitor Republicano (Mexico), “Los clérigos constitucionales reformistas de México,” April 4, 1863. https://hndm.iib.unam.mx/consulta/publicacion/visualizar/558075be7d1e63c9f1a360?anio=1863&mes=04&dia=04&tipo=publicacion
Erre, Fabrice, and Jorge Bernstein. Les Complotistes. Paris: Dupuis, 2020.
Foster, Thomas A. “Antimasonic satire, sodomy and Eighteenth-Century masculinity in the ‘Boston Evening-Post’.” The William and Mary Quarterly 60. No. 1 ( January 2003): 171-84. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3491500
Freemason’s Chronicle. “The Centenary Festival of the Girls’ School.” April 7, 1888. Museum of Freemasonry, accessed October 1, 2022. https://www.masonicperiodicals.org/periodicals/fcn/issues/fcn_07041888/page/2/
Green, Joseph. Entertainment for a Winter’s Evening: being a full and true account of a very strange and wonderful sight seen in Boston on the twenty-seventh of December at noon-day. New York: Reprinted, W. Abbatt, 1917 [1750], at Internet Archive, accessed October 1, 2022, https://archive.org/details/wintersevening00greerich/page/n1/mode/2up?ref=ol&view=theater
Illustrated Bits. “Princely Patronage” (satirical print), June 23, 1888. The British Museum, London, accessed October 1, 2022, https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1902-1011-10427
New Weekly Miscellany. “The Free-Masons Downfall” (satirical print). No. 24. May 8, 1742. The British Museum, London, accessed October 1, 2022, https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_J-1-168
Pigden, Charles. “Conspiracy Theories and the Conventional Wisdom.” Episteme 4, no. 2 (2007): 219-232.
Sédir, Paul. Histoire et doctrines des Rose-Croix. Rouen: Imprimerie Maugard, 1932.
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