Abstract
This article discusses the most important ideas of the political thought of Machiavelli in the Prince, in which both are located around the principle of centralization of power and strength, although within a schema and Kautilya Arthasastra in radically different from the Western feudalism. Arthasastra according to the mentioned authors, shows systematic thinking about the political and administrative order publics and the processes of decision in lathe to the ruler. Both texts share comparable key concepts, despite the distance spatio-temporal works which form part of the strategy in the exercise of power. In the same way, the concept of virtu which determines the behavior of the successful rules in political life are compatible.