Palabras clave
health condition
chronic illness
sociodemographic factors
salud autoevaluada
estado de salud
enfermedad crónica
factores sociodemográficos
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: La salud autoevaluada se ha considerado como una medida subjetiva del estado de salud general. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en identificar factores asociados a la salud autoevaluada en personas adultas costarricenses. Métodos: la muestra provino de un estudio de corte transversal que incluyó 992 hombres y 1570 mujeres participantes de una nueva corte de jubilación del proyecto Costa Rica: Estudio de Longevidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, referido como CRELES-RC. La salud autoevaluada se midió a través de una sola pregunta sobre la valoración del estado de salud, con cinco opciones de respuesta: excelente, muy buena, buena, regular y mala. Se calcularon odds ratios (OR) para cuantificar la contribución de las enfermedades crónicas y otros factores con una mala salud autoevaluada. Resultados: por un lado, los modelos de regresión logística determinaron que la salud autoevaluada se asocia con la zona de residencia, el nivel educativo, la percepción de la situación económica, la actividad física, el apoyo emocional y la presencia de enfermedad crónica. Por otro lado, las personas con alguna enfermedad crónica, excepto cáncer, evidenciaron una peor salud autoevaluada; la relación más fuerte se presentó con la artritis, la enfermedad pulmonar y la diabetes. Conclusiones: el estudio identificó que la zona de residencia, la actividad física, el nivel educativo, el apoyo emocional y la enfermedad crónica podrían afectar la salud de las personas.
Citas
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