Palabras clave
ionizing radiation
genotoxicity test
occupational exposure
ensayo de micronúcleos
radiación ionizante
pruebas de genotoxicidad
exposición ocupacional
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: las radiaciones ionizantes (RI) pueden inducir la formación de micronúcleos (MN). La frecuencia de MN se utiliza como biomarcador de daño genético inducido por (RI). Objetivo: evaluar el daño al ADN resultante de la exposición ocupacional a RI en personal de clínicas veterinarias o afines. Metodología: se utilizó el ensayo de micronúcleos con bloqueo de la citocinesis (MNBC) para comparar la frecuencia observada del biomarcador en 40 individuos expuestos ocupacionalmente a RI con respecto a un grupo control de 32 participantes, ambos grupos pertenecen a personal veterinario. Además, se registraron variables demográficas, de estilo de vida y ocupacionales que pudieran influir en la formación de MN. Resultados: el análisis univariado no demostró diferencias significativas en la frecuencia de MN entre los grupos de estudio (p = 0,118). Mediante análisis multivariado se obtuvo que aproximadamente un 27 % (R2 ajustado = 0,269) de la variabilidad de la frecuencia de MN se explica por la influencia conjunta de la edad, el sexo y el número de radiografías realizadas. La edad es la variable de mayor importancia relativa (β = 0,504), seguida del sexo (β = -0,316) y el número de radiografías diarias (β = 0,214). Conclusiones: la frecuencia de MN tiende a aumentar en mujeres, a medida que aumenta la edad del participante y a mayor número de radiografías realizadas.
Citas
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