Palabras clave
COVID-19
Dengue
pandemics
Infecciones por Arbovirus
COVID-19
dengue
pandemias
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: El dengue es una infección asintomática o presenta síntomas como fiebre baja hasta fiebre alta incapacitante, dolor de cabeza intenso, dolor retroocular, muscular y articular, además de erupciones cutáneas, y si se asocia con COVID-19 puede empeorar el cuadro de la enfermedad. Objetivo: investigar la evolución epidemiológica del dengue en los períodos prepandémico, pandémico y pospandémico desde una perspectiva Americana y brasileña. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, basado en la búsqueda de informaciones en boletines epidemiológicos, datos de DATASUS y de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud, además de artículos disponibles en bases de datos proporcionadas por SciELO, ScienceDirect y Pubmed. Resultados: En el período previo a la pandemia, el elevado número de notificaciones se debió al serotipo DENV2, provocando una gran epidemia. En los años 2020-2021 hubo una caída en el número de notificaciones debido a la introducción de medidas sociales y de salud pública, diagnósticos erróneos entre los signos/síntomas del dengue y COVID-19, pruebas serológicas inexactas y subregistro. En 2022 y 2023, el escenario epidemiológico vuelve a apuntar a una mayor notificación de casos de dengue, debido principalmente a cambios en el control rutinario de vectores durante la pandemia, combinados con factores ambientales favorables, como el aumento de las precipitaciones. Conclusión: el descuido tanto del dengue como de otras enfermedades ha impactado negativamente hoy en la población, ya que para mitigar los daños causados por la pandemia, las acciones de promoción y prevención de la salud de las enfermedades endémicas en nuestro territorio, cuando se colocan en un segundo plano, han provocado el subregistro de casos, influido por cambios en los ámbitos político, económico y sanitario de la sociedad.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Viviane Karolina Vivi-Oliveira, Vagner Ferreira do Nascimento, Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças-Trettel, Bianca Ayne Terrabuio, Klaucia Rodrigues Vasconcelos, Elaine Cristina de Oliveira, Diniz Pereira Leite-Júnior