Palabras clave
Homelessness
Health
Disability
Substance misuse
mujeres
sinhogarismo
salud
discapacidad
consumo de sustancias
Cómo citar
Resumen
Nicaragua es uno de los países con menor renta de Latinoamérica. En Nicaragua se carece de información sobre las mujeres sin hogar, quienes conforman un colectivo especialmente vulnerable, que experimenta condiciones de extrema pobreza y exclusión social. Este trabajo analiza el estado de salud, discapacidad y consumo de sustancias en una muestra de mujeres que sufren sinhogarismo (n = 30) en las ciudades de León y Chinandega (Nicaragua). Las participantes respondieron a una entrevista estructurada. Los resultados mostraron que este grupo de mujeres en Nicaragua presenta una mala percepción de su propia salud, un elevado padecimiento de enfermedades graves o crónicas y una elevada tasa de discapacidad. El consumo de alcohol o drogas (principalmente pegamento inhalado) parece afectar, en mayor medida, a las mujeres más jóvenes y durante el período de deslizamiento al sinhogarismo. Se observaron grandes similitudes entre las mujeres sin hogar de países de renta baja y países de renta alta, pese a las considerables diferencias culturales. El estilo de vida derivado de la adaptación a la vida en la calle somete a estas mujeres a un proceso acelerado de deterioro. La inadecuada alimentación, la falta de higiene y las barreras para acceder al sistema de salud perjudican su situación sanitaria, lo cual parece incidir importantemente en su prolongada permanencia en el sinhogarismo.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Alberto Berrios- Ballesteros, Sonia Panadero, Malena Lenta, José Juan Vásquez