Suplementación de vacas lecheras en producción con un complejo de vitaminas B recubierto

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i1.39701

Palabras clave:

ganado de leche, nutrición de rumiantes, composición láctea, glucosa, pastoreo

Resumen

Introducción. Los requerimientos de vitaminas B en rumiantes son satisfechos por su capacidad de síntesis a nivel ruminal. El mejoramiento genético, los avances en nutrición animal y los altos niveles de producción actuales, puede hacer que los animales no estén llenando sus requerimientos. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto que tiene el uso de un complejo de vitaminas del grupo B sobre la producción láctea y el metabolismo de vacas lecheras en pastoreo. Materiales y métodos. Durante el segundo semestre del 2017, se utilizaron treinta vacas Jersey divididas en dos grupos que se mantuvieron durante dos periodos experimentales de 30 días. Durante el primer periodo de un mes, los animales del primer grupo recibieron 3,0 g diarios de un complejo de vitaminas B, mientras que los animales del otro grupo recibieron un placebo y para el periodo 2 se intercambiaron los tratamientos. Se midió la producción y composición láctea durante todo el periodo. Se midieron variables químicas como glucosa, betahidroxibutirato, aspartato amino transferasa, nitrógeno ureico y albúmina en sangre. Resultados. No se presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) con respecto a la producción láctea. En el periodo 1, el grupo suplementado produjo 15,8 l por día; mientras que el grupo control produjo 16,1 l. Las concentraciones de grasa, proteína y lactosa en el primer periodo fueron de 5,0, 3,5 y 4,4 %, respectivamente. En el periodo 2, la producción láctea fue de 14,1 y 13,7 l para el grupo suplementado y no suplementado, respectivamente. En ningún periodo se observaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) para los parámetros de química sanguínea analizados. La concentración de glucosa fue superior a 40 mg dl-1 y la concentración de betahidroxibutirato fue superior a 2,0 mmol l-1. Conclusión. Suplementar vacas Jersey con un complejo de vitaminas B de sobrepaso no mostró ventaja alguna con respecto a las variables productivas evaluadas.

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Publicado

2021-01-01

Cómo citar

Beita-Carvajal, K. G., & Elizondo-Salazar, J. A. (2021). Suplementación de vacas lecheras en producción con un complejo de vitaminas B recubierto. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 32(1), 236–248. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i1.39701

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