Palavras-chave
performance
imagery
hypnosis
meta-analysis
estado de flow
rendimiento
imaginería
hipnosis
metaanálisis
estado de flow
rendimento
imaginário
hipnose
meta-análise
Como Citar
Resumo
O presente estudo tem como objetivo examinar a efetividade de técnicas psicológicas de preparação mental baseadas no imaginário ou na hipnose sobre o estado de flow, o rendimento esportivo e sua relação por meio da técnica meta-analítica. Foram realizadas a revisão de bibliografia em dez bases de dados durante os meses de agosto a outubro de 2017, dos quais foram incluídos 17 estudos relacionados com atividades esportivas e estudos que apresentam medições pré-teste e pós-teste. Foi analisado um tamanho de efeito (TE) com diferença das médias sob o modelo aleatório e, obtido um total de 53 tamanhos de efeito (TE) para estado de flow e 62 tamanhos de efeito (TE) para rendimento. Foi encontrado um TE positivo para o estado de flow (TE= 0,782; n=52; p< 0,001) e para o rendimento (TE= 0,339; n=60; p<0,05). Foi comprovada a relação positiva entre as duas variáveis (ρ= 0,312; p<0,05); foram estabelecidas as variáveis mais relevantes que moderam o tamanho de efeito do estado de flow e o rendimento: idade, anos de experiência esportiva e sexo. Conclui-se que o imaginário é a técnica psicológica mais efetiva para aumentar o estado de flow e o rendimento; recomenda-se realizar pesquisas com desenho experimental puro e observar a medição multidimensional do estado de flow.
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