Palabras clave
performance
imagery
hypnosis
meta-analysis
estado de flow
rendimiento
imaginería
hipnosis
metaanálisis
estado de flow
rendimento
imaginário
hipnose
meta-análise
Cómo citar
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la efectividad de técnicas psicológicas de preparación mental basadas en imaginería o hipnosis sobre el estado de flow, el rendimiento deportivo y su relación mediante la técnica meta analítica. Se realizó la revisión de literatura en diez bases de datos durante los meses de agosto a octubre de 2017, de los cuales se incluyeron 17 estudios relacionados con actividades deportivas y estudios que presentan mediciones pretest y postest. Se analizó un TE con diferencia de medias bajo modelo aleatorio. Se obtuvo un total de 53 tamaños de efecto (TE) para estado de flow y 62 tamaños de efecto (TE) para rendimiento. Se encontró un TE positivo para el estado de flow (TE= .782; n=52; p< .001) y para el rendimiento (TE= .339; n=60; p<.05). Se comprobó la relación positiva entre las dos variables (ρ= .312; p<.05); se establecieron las variables más relevantes que moderan el tamaño de efecto del estado de flow y el rendimiento: edad, años de experiencia deportiva, sexo. Se concluyó que la imaginería es la técnica psicológica más efectiva para incrementar el estado de flow y el rendimiento, se recomienda realizar investigaciones con diseño experimental puro y contemplar la medición multidimensional del estado de flow.
Citas
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