Palabras clave
pregnant women
pregnancy care
recommendations
ejercicio
mujer embarazada
cuidado del embarazo
recomendaciones
exercício
gestante
cuidados na gavidez
recomendações
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivos. Desarrollar lineamientos australianos sobre la actividad física y el ejercicio durante el embarazo y el período postparto. Diseño y métodos. Reseñas críticas tipo “sombrilla” de la evidencia científica, combinada con adaptación de lineamientos publicados recientemente. Este enfoque en cinco etapas incluyó: identificación de documentos fuente claves (incluyendo lineamientos nacionales sobre actividad física/ejercicio y ponencias de organizaciones profesionales, publicados a partir de 2010); revisión narrativa de evidencias relacionadas con 27 resultados de salud; resumen de la evidencia; desarrollo de lineamientos en borrador e información de apoyo; y revisión y consulta para finalizar los lineamientos. Resultados. La revisión de evidencias halló que la actividad física/ejercicio durante el embarazo y el período de postparto es segura, tiene beneficios de salud para la mujer y su niño no nacido, y puede reducir los riesgos de algunas complicaciones relacionadas con el embarazo. Se desarrollaron cuatro lineamientos principales, los cuales animan a todas las mujeres que no tengan complicaciones del embarazo a: (1) cumplir los Lineamientos Australianos para Adultos sobre Actividad Física y Sedentarismo antes, durante y después del embarazo; (2) modificar las actividades para dar cabida a los cambios físicos que se dan con el avance del embarazo; (3) hacer ejercicios de piso pélvico durante y después del embarazo; y (4) asumir un papel activo en la toma de decisiones compartidas acerca de su actividad física/ejercicio durante y después del embarazo. La revisión también identificó señales de advertencia y contraindicaciones para la actividad física/ejercicio durante el embarazo. Conclusión. Todas las mujeres embarazadas o que planean estarlo deben estar conscientes de los beneficios de la actividad física/ejercicio, y los profesionales de la salud deben promover niveles seguros de actividad y estar familiarizados con las contraindicaciones, signos y síntomas que sugieren que la actividad física/ejercicio debería modificarse o evitarse.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Wendy J. Brown, Melanie Hayman, Lene A.H. Haakstad, Tayla Lamerton, Gabriela P. Mena, Anita Green, Shelley E. Keating, Grace A. O. Gomes, Jeff S. Coombes, Gregore I. Mielke