Abstract
This article is an academic essay that aims to offer a theoretical-practical reference of phonological awareness in the Costa Rican primary school, which can serve as input in teacher training and future research related to the subject. Likewise, it is intended to establish the need for the integration of the methodology that implements the Spanish study program of the Ministry of Public Education and some texts that are used in first grade, in terms of phonological knowledge and the implementation of each of the methods and approaches of initial literacy.