Palabras clave
índice de estrés termal
ritmo
resistencia
carga interna
maratón
índice de estrés termal
ritmo
resistencia
carga interna
maratón
íncide de estrés termal
ritmo
resistencia
carga interna
Cómo citar
Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la variación de la velocidad de carrera y la frecuencia cardíaca en corredores aficionados durante un maratón en un entorno de alto índice térmico. Dieciocho corredores aficionados (peso: 65.2 ± 12.21 kg, altura: 168.4 ± 10.6 cm, VO2max: 52.9 ± 7.1 ml/kg/min) corrieron un maratón (42 195 m) en cercanía al mar bajo un índice térmico de 27.8 ± 3.52ºC y con recorrido de 0-80 m.s.n.m. La prueba de Pearson mostró una correlación significativa entre el aumento del índice de estrés termal (TGBH) y la variación de la velocidad (r = 0.168, p = 0.049). En este sentido, la duración total de la carrera presentó una relación directa con la velocidad (r = 0.675, p = 0.003) y la variación de la frecuencia cardíaca (r = 0.631, p = 0.007). El tiempo final de carrera se explicó en un 61.6% y 37% por la variación de la velocidad de 26 a 30 km (r 2= 0.61; F = 26.17; p < 0.001) y por la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en el lapso de 31 a 35 km (r 2= 0.37; F= 10.38; p < 0.001) respectivamente. En conclusión, el índice térmico provoca una disminución en el ritmo de la velocidad, este efecto mayor en la segunda mitad de la carrera. Por lo anterior, entrenadores deben planificar entrenamientos y estrategias para mitigar el impacto de estas condiciones en el desempeño físico y fisiológico de los corredores amateur.
Citas
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